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Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has become a cornerstone for aligning large language models with human preferences. However, the heterogeneity of human feedback, driven by diverse individual contexts and preferences, poses…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-03-05 Seong Jin Lee , Will Wei Sun , Yufeng Liu

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) shows promise in aligning robot behaviors with human preferences, but its success depends heavily on the accurate modeling of human preferences through reward models. Most methods adopt…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-03-12 Dezhong Zhao , Ruiqi Wang , Dayoon Suh , Taehyeon Kim , Ziqin Yuan , Byung-Cheol Min , Guohua Chen

Preference-aligned robot navigation in human environments is typically achieved through learning-based approaches, utilizing user feedback or demonstrations for personalization. However, personal preferences are subject to change and might…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Jorge de Heuvel , Tharun Sethuraman , Maren Bennewitz

Conventional reinforcement learning (RL) ap proaches often struggle to learn effective policies under sparse reward conditions, necessitating the manual design of complex, task-specific reward functions. To address this limitation, rein…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Suzie Kim , Hye-Bin Shin , Seong-Whan Lee

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) typically relies on static reward models to align Large Language Models with human preferences. However, human values are inherently diverse and heterogeneous, and a single reward model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Zhenyu Sun , Zheng Xu , Ermin Wei

Reward design in reinforcement learning and optimal control is challenging. Preference-based alignment addresses this by enabling agents to learn rewards from ranked trajectory pairs provided by humans. However, existing methods often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Zhixian Xie , Haode Zhang , Yizhe Feng , Wanxin Jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse natural language tasks, yet the reward models employed for aligning LLMs often encounter challenges of reward hacking, where the approaches predominantly rely on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Biao Liu , Ning Xu , Junming Yang , Hao Xu , Xin Geng

Offline reinforcement learning refers to the process of learning policies from fixed datasets, without requiring additional environment interaction. However, it often relies on well-defined reward functions, which are difficult and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Xiancheng Gao , Yufeng Shi , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has become a key factor in aligning model behavior with users' goals. However, while humans integrate multiple strategies when making decisions, current RLHF approaches often simplify this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Mingkang Wu , Devin White , Evelyn Rose , Vernon Lawhern , Nicholas R Waytowich , Yongcan Cao

Reinforcement learning from human feedback usually models preferences using a reward function that does not distinguish between people. We argue that this is unlikely to be a good design choice in contexts with high potential for…

Humans often demonstrate diverse behaviors due to their personal preferences, for instance, related to their individual execution style or personal margin for safety. In this paper, we consider the problem of integrating both path and…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-04-26 Armin Avaei , Linda van der Spaa , Luka Peternel , Jens Kober

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) often fail to align with human preferences, leading to issues like generating misleading content without proper visual context (also known as hallucination). A promising solution to this problem is using…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Chenglong Wang , Yang Gan , Yifu Huo , Yongyu Mu , Murun Yang , Qiaozhi He , Tong Xiao , Chunliang Zhang , Tongran Liu , Quan Du , Di Yang , Jingbo Zhu

Generating human-like behavior on robots is a great challenge especially in dexterous manipulation tasks with robotic hands. Scripting policies from scratch is intractable due to the high-dimensional control space, and training policies…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-09-14 Zihan Ding , Yuanpei Chen , Allen Z. Ren , Shixiang Shane Gu , Qianxu Wang , Hao Dong , Chi Jin

Reinforcement learning (RL) requires skillful definition and remarkable computational efforts to solve optimization and control problems, which could impair its prospect. Introducing human guidance into reinforcement learning is a promising…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-30 Jingda Wu , Zhiyu Huang , Wenhui Huang , Chen Lv

Reward design is a fundamental, yet challenging aspect of reinforcement learning (RL). Researchers typically utilize feedback signals from the environment to handcraft a reward function, but this process is not always effective due to the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Alexander Bukharin , Yixiao Li , Pengcheng He , Tuo Zhao

In classic reinforcement learning (RL) and decision making problems, policies are evaluated with respect to a scalar reward function, and all optimal policies are the same with regards to their expected return. However, many real-world…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-02 Han Shao , Lee Cohen , Avrim Blum , Yishay Mansour , Aadirupa Saha , Matthew R. Walter

This paper develops a novel rating-based reinforcement learning approach that uses human ratings to obtain human guidance in reinforcement learning. Different from the existing preference-based and ranking-based reinforcement learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-30 Devin White , Mingkang Wu , Ellen Novoseller , Vernon J. Lawhern , Nicholas Waytowich , Yongcan Cao

Reinforcement learning (RL) with sparse and deceptive rewards is challenging because non-zero rewards are rarely obtained. Hence, the gradient calculated by the agent can be stochastic and without valid information. Recent studies that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-08 Guojian Wang , Faguo Wu , Xiao Zhang , Jianxiang Liu

To design rewards that align with human goals, Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a prominent technique for learning reward functions from human preferences and optimizing policies via reinforcement learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-14 Taehyun Cho , Seokhun Ju , Seungyub Han , Dohyeong Kim , Kyungjae Lee , Jungwoo Lee

We consider the problem of preference based reinforcement learning (PbRL), where, unlike traditional reinforcement learning, an agent receives feedback only in terms of a 1 bit (0/1) preference over a trajectory pair instead of absolute…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-07 Aldo Pacchiano , Aadirupa Saha , Jonathan Lee