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Feature representation is an important aspect of remote-sensing based image classification. While deep convolutional neural networks are able to effectively amalgamate information, large numbers of parameters often make learned features…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-07 Joshua Peeples , Sarah Walker , Connor McCurley , Alina Zare , James Keller , Weihuang Xu

Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (SNE) is a manifold learning and dimensionality reduction method with a probabilistic approach. In SNE, every point is consider to be the neighbor of all other points with some probability and this probability…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-08-04 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

When visualizing a high-dimensional dataset, dimension reduction techniques are commonly employed which provide a single 2-dimensional view of the data. We describe ENS-t-SNE: an algorithm for Embedding Neighborhoods Simultaneously that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Jacob Miller , Vahan Huroyan , Raymundo Navarrete , Md Iqbal Hossain , Stephen Kobourov

t-Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) is a non-parametric data visualization method in classical machine learning. It maps the data from the high-dimensional space into a low-dimensional space, especially a two-dimensional plane, while…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-02-10 Yoshiaki Kawase , Kosuke Mitarai , Keisuke Fujii

Parametric embedding methods such as parametric t-SNE (pt-SNE) have been widely adopted for data visualization and out-of-sample data embedding without further computationally expensive optimization or approximation. However, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-04-24 Martin Renqiang Min , Hongyu Guo , Dinghan Shen

Neighbor Embedding (NE) aims to preserve pairwise similarities between data items and has been shown to yield an effective principle for data visualization. However, even the best existing NE methods such as Stochastic Neighbor Embedding…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-15 Zhirong Yang , Yuwei Chen , Denis Sedov , Samuel Kaski , Jukka Corander

Node embeddings are a paradigm in non-parametric graph representation learning, where graph nodes are embedded into a given vector space to enable downstream processing. State-of-the-art node-embedding algorithms, such as DeepWalk and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Jan Niklas Böhm , Marius Keute , Alica Guzmán , Sebastian Damrich , Andrew Draganov , Dmitry Kobak

The clustering and visualisation of high-dimensional data is a ubiquitous task in modern data science. Popular techniques include nonlinear dimensionality reduction methods like t-SNE or UMAP. These methods face the `scale-problem' of…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-10-20 Jack Kendrick

This work is concerned with the continuum limit of a graph-based data visualization technique called the t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE), which is widely used for visualizing data in a variety of applications, but is…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-04-15 Jeff Calder , Zhonggan Huang , Ryan Murray , Adam Pickarski

t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) is a well-established visualization method for complex high-dimensional data. However, the original t-SNE method is nonparametric, stochastic, and often cannot well prevserve the global…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-01-14 Zixia Zhou , Yuanyuan Wang , Boudewijn P. F. Lelieveldt , Qian Tao

UMAP has supplanted t-SNE as state-of-the-art for visualizing high-dimensional datasets in many disciplines, but the reason for its success is not well understood. In this work, we investigate UMAP's sampling based optimization scheme in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-23 Sebastian Damrich , Fred A. Hamprecht

Most existing graph visualization methods based on dimension reduction are limited to relatively small graphs due to performance issues. In this work, we propose a novel dimension reduction method for graph visualization, called…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-18 Xinyu Li , Yao Xiao , Yuchen Zhou

Central to the widespread use of t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) is the conviction that it produces visualizations whose structure roughly matches that of the input. To the contrary, we prove that (1) the strength of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Noah Bergam , Szymon Snoeck , Nakul Verma

Stochastic Neighbor Embedding and its variants are widely used dimensionality reduction techniques -- despite their popularity, no theoretical results are known. We prove that the optimal SNE embedding of well-separated clusters from high…

机器学习 · 统计学 2017-02-24 Uri Shaham , Stefan Steinerberger

High-dimensional imaging is becoming increasingly relevant in many fields from astronomy and cultural heritage to systems biology. Visual exploration of such high-dimensional data is commonly facilitated by dimensionality reduction.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-04 Alexander Vieth , Anna Vilanova , Boudewijn Lelieveldt , Elmar Eisemann , Thomas Höllt

Visualizing high-dimensional data is essential for understanding biomedical data and deep learning models. Neighbor embedding methods, such as t-SNE and UMAP, are widely used but can introduce misleading visual artifacts. We find that the…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-04-02 Zhexuan Liu , Rong Ma , Yiqiao Zhong

Low-dimensional embeddings and visualizations are an indispensable tool for analysis of high-dimensional data. State-of-the-art methods, such as tSNE and UMAP, excel in unveiling local structures hidden in high-dimensional data and are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-01 Jonas Fischer , Rebekka Burkholz , Jilles Vreeken

Adversarial examples, designed to trick Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) into producing wrong outputs, highlight vulnerabilities in these models. Exploring these weaknesses is crucial for developing defenses, and so, we propose a method to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Inês Valentim , Nuno Antunes , Nuno Lourenço

We propose a new method for data visualization based on attraction-repulsion swarming (ARS) dynamics, which we call ARS visualization. ARS is a generalized framework that is based on viewing the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-19 Jingcheng Lu , Jeff Calder

Hyperspectral Imagery (and Remote Sensing in general) captured from UAVs or satellites are highly voluminous in nature due to the large spatial extent and wavelengths captured by them. Since analyzing these images requires a huge amount of…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-05-12 Megh Shukla , Biplab Banerjee , Krishna Mohan Buddhiraju