相关论文: The $\kappa$-cookbook: a novel generalizing approa…
For various plasma applications the so-called (non-relativistic) $\kappa$-distribution is widely used to reproduce and interpret the suprathermal particle populations exhibiting a power-law distribution in velocity or energy. Despite its…
Observations in space plasmas reveal particle velocity distributions out of thermal equilibrium, with anisotropies (e.g., parallel drifts or/and different temperatures, $T_\parallel$ - parallel and $T_\perp$ - perpendicular, with respect to…
For collisionless (or collision-poor) plasma populations which are well described by the $\kappa$-distribution functions (also known as the Kappa or Lorentzian power-laws) a macroscopic interpretation has remained largely questionable,…
The standard (non-relativistic) $\kappa$-distribution is widely used to fit data and to describe macroscopic thermodynamical behavior, e.g.\ the pressure (temperature) as the second moment of the distribution function. By contrast to a…
In classical thermodynamics the entropy is an extensive quantity, i.e.\ the sum of the entropies of two subsystems in equilibrium with each other is equal to the entropy of the full system consisting of the two subsystems. The extensitivity…
From the perspective of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, modeling the velocity distribution of particles in non-equilibrium, steady-state plasmas presents a significant challenge. Under this context, a family of kappa distributions…
In this work we define the plasma dispersion function for a suprathermal plasma described with a regularized kappa distribution. As is known from Maxwellian as well as (standard) kappa plasmas, the respective Fried-Conte and the modified…
Kappa-distributed velocities in plasmas are common in a wide variety of settings, from low-density to high-density plasmas. To date, they have been found mainly in space plasmas, but are recently being considered also in the modelling of…
We develop the theoretical basis for the connection of the variety of anisotropic distributions with the statistical correlations among particles velocity components. By examining the most common anisotropic distribution, we derive the…
The kappa distribution of velocities appears routinely in the study of collisionless plasmas present in Earth's magnetosphere, the solar wind among other contexts where particles are unable to reach thermal equilibrium. Originally justified…
Most astrophysical plasmas are observed to have velocity distribution functions exhibiting non-Maxwellian suprathermal tails. The high energy particle populations are accurately represented by the family of kappa-distributions where the use…
The generally accepted representation of $\kappa$-distributions in space plasma physics allows for two different alternatives, namely assuming either the temperature or the thermal velocity to be $\kappa$-independent. The present paper aims…
Thermal Doppler broadening of spectral profiles for particle populations in the absence or presence of potential fields are described by kappa distributions. The kappa distribution provides a replacement for the Maxwell-Boltzmann…
This paper presents the misestimation of temperature when observations from a kappa distributed plasma are analyzed as a Maxwellian. One common method to calculate the space plasma parameters is by fitting the observed distributions using…
This paper studies sufficient conditions for deriving the kappa distribution in polytropic plasmas by an improved method compared with the previous work [R. Guo, Phys. Plasmas \textbf{27}, 122104 (2020)]. We find that the polytropic…
The recently developed concept of "entropic defect" is important for understanding the foundations of thermodynamics in space plasma physics, and more generally, for systems with physical correlations among their particles. Using this…
The special relativistic generalization of isotropic regularized kappa distributions is derived and compared to that of the original Olbertian (or standard) kappa distributions. It is demonstrated that for the latter the kappa parameter is…
Kappa distributions are widely used in space plasma physics to model velocity distribution functions with heavy tails. Parameter estimation in these distributions is, however, complicated by the fact that the kappa distribution does not…
Space plasmas are collisionpoor and kinetic effects prevail leading to wave fluctuations, which transfer the energy to small scales: wave-particle interactions replace collisions and enhance dispersive effects heating particles and…
We demonstrate that a nonthermal distribution of particles described by a kappa distribution can be accurately approximated by a weighted sum of Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions. We apply this method to modeling collision processes in…