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We report the existence of metallic two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) at the (001) and (101) surfaces of bulk-insulating TiO2 anatase due to local chemical doping by oxygen vacancies in the near-surface region. Using angle-resolved…
The appearance of direct electron detectors marked a new era for electron diffraction. Their high sensitivity and low noise opens the possibility to extend electron diffraction from transmission electron microscopes (TEM) to lower energies…
Plasmas generated using energetic electron beams are well known for their low electron temperature ($T_{e}$) and plasma potential, which makes them attractive for atomic-precision plasma processing applications such as atomic layer etch and…
Exploring the interaction of light and matter at the ultimate limit of single photons and single emitters is of great interest both from a fundamental point of view and for emerging applications in quantum engineering. However, the…
Semiconductor quantum dots in microcavities are an excellent platform for the efficient generation of indistinguishable single photons. However, their use in a wide range of quantum technologies requires their controlled fabrication and…
Single atoms or atom-like emitters are the purest source of on-demand single photons, they are intrinsically incapable of multi-photon emission. To demonstrate this degree of purity we have realized a tunable, on-demand source of single…
Optical quantum emitters are a key component of quantum devices for metrology and information processing. In particular, atomic defects in 2D materials can operate as optical quantum emitters that overcome current limitations of…
A general electrodynamic theory of a grating coupled two dimensional electron system (2DES) is developed. The 2DES is treated quantum mechanically, the grating is considered as a periodic system of thin metal strips or as an array of…
We have produced ultrathin epitaxial graphite films which show remarkable 2D electron gas (2DEG) behavior. The films, composed of typically 3 graphene sheets, were grown by thermal decomposition on the (0001) surface of 6H-SiC, and…
Here, we report an alternative route to achieve two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in a semiconductor structure. It has been shown that charge accumulation on the side facets can lead to the formation of 2DEG in a network of c-axis…
Generation of a single photon or a pair of photons from a single emitter is important for quantum information applications. Using the generating function formalism we investigate the theory of a few photons on demand for the square laser…
We discuss the application of dipole blockade techniques for the preparation of single atom and single photon sources. A deterministic protocol is given for loading a single atom in an optical trap as well as ejecting a controlled number of…
GaAs-based two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) show a wealth of remarkable electronic states, and serve as the basis for fast transistors, research on electrons in nanostructures, and prototypes of quantum-computing schemes. All these…
Single-photons are key elements of many future quantum technologies, be it for the realisation of large-scale quantum communication networks for quantum simulation of chemical and physical processes or for connecting quantum memories in a…
A single photon source is a key enabling technology in device-independent quantum communication, quantum simulation for instance boson sampling, linear optics-based and measurement-based quantum computing. These applications involve many…
The 2D electron gas (2DEG) formed at the surface of SrTiO$_3$(001) has attracted great interest because of its fascinating physical properties and potential as a novel electronic platform, but up to now has eluded a comprehensible way to…
Moving towards significantly smaller nanostructures, direct structuring techniques such as electron beam lithography approach fundamental limitations in feature size and aspect ratios. Application of nanostructures like diffractive X-ray…
We demonstrate generation of a pulsed stream of electrically triggered single photons in resonance fluorescence, by applying high frequency electrical pulses to a single quantum dot in a p-i-n diode under resonant laser excitation. Single…
Photons, electrons, and their interplay are at the heart of photonic devices and modern instruments for ultrafast science [1-10]. Nowadays, electron beams of the highest intensity and brightness are created by photoemission with short laser…
Medical electrophysiological sensors that can study the body and diagnose diseases depend on consistently low impedance electrode-skin interfaces. Clinical-standard wet electrodes use hydrogels and skin abrasion to improve the interface and…