相关论文: An Investigation of Why Overparameterization Exace…

In deep learning it is common to overparameterize neural networks, that is, to use more parameters than training samples. Quite surprisingly training the neural network via (stochastic) gradient descent leads to models that generalize very…

Empirical risk minimization (ERM) incentivizes models to exploit shortcuts, i.e., spurious correlations between input attributes and labels that are prevalent in the majority of the training data but unrelated to the task at hand. This…

For the supervised least squares classifier, when the number of training objects is smaller than the dimensionality of the data, adding more data to the training set may first increase the error rate before decreasing it. This, possibly…

One of the major open problems in machine learning is to characterize generalization in the overparameterized regime, where most traditional generalization bounds become inconsistent even for overparameterized linear regression. In many…

We study the linear subspace fitting problem in the overparameterized setting, where the estimated subspace can perfectly interpolate the training examples. Our scope includes the least-squares solutions to subspace fitting tasks with…

Overparametrization often helps improve the generalization performance. This paper presents a dual view of overparametrization suggesting that downsampling may also help generalize. Focusing on the proportional regime $m\asymp n \asymp p$,…

Standard adversarial training approaches suffer from robust overfitting where the robust accuracy decreases when models are adversarially trained for too long. The origin of this problem is still unclear and conflicting explanations have…

Neural networks produced by standard training are known to suffer from poor accuracy on rare subgroups despite achieving high accuracy on average, due to the correlations between certain spurious features and labels. Previous approaches…

A recent line of work has shown that an overparametrized neural network can perfectly fit the training data, an otherwise often intractable nonconvex optimization problem. For (fully-connected) shallow networks, in the best case scenario,…

Why do language models trained on contradictory data prefer correct answers? In controlled experiments with small transformers (3.5M--86M parameters), we show that this preference tracks the compressibility structure of errors rather than…

While a broad range of techniques have been proposed to tackle distribution shift, the simple baseline of training on an $\textit{undersampled}$ balanced dataset often achieves close to state-of-the-art-accuracy across several popular…

Despite substantial advances, large language models (LLMs) continue to exhibit hallucinations, generating plausible yet incorrect responses. In this paper, we highlight a critical yet previously underexplored class of hallucinations driven…

The reliability of machine learning systems critically assumes that the associations between features and labels remain similar between training and test distributions. However, unmeasured variables, such as confounders, break this…

Sample size calculations play a central role in study design because sample size affects study interpretability, costs, hospital resources, and staff time. For most veterinary orthopaedic risk-factor studies, either the sample size…

We investigate random feature models in which neural networks sampled from a prescribed initialization ensemble are frozen and used as random features, with only the readout weights optimized. Adopting a statistical-physics viewpoint, we…

Motivated by surprisingly good generalization properties of learned deep neural networks in overparameterized scenarios and by the related double descent phenomenon, this paper analyzes the relation between smoothness and low generalization…

Neural networks are known to use spurious correlations such as background information for classification. While prior work has looked at spurious correlations that are widespread in the training data, in this work, we investigate how…

Many modern neural network architectures are trained in an overparameterized regime where the parameters of the model exceed the size of the training dataset. Sufficiently overparameterized neural network architectures in principle have the…

Sparse neural networks are mainly motivated by ressource efficiency since they use fewer parameters than their dense counterparts but still reach comparable accuracies. This article empirically investigates whether sparsity could also…

Recent large language models have been trained on vast datasets, but also often on repeated data, either intentionally for the purpose of upweighting higher quality data, or unintentionally because data deduplication is not perfect and the…