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Clouds are ubiquitous in extrasolar planet atmospheres and are critical to our understanding of planetary climate and chemistry. They also represent one of the greater challenges to overcome when trying to interpret transit transmission…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-10-09 Chuhong Mai , Michael R. Line

The JWST provides exoplanet transit observations with unprecedented spectral coverage, enabling detailed atmospheric characterisation. However, systematics introduced during data reduction can lead to small but significant uncertainties…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-03-25 J. Roy-Perez , S. Pérez-Hoyos , N. Barrado-Izagirre , H. Chen-Chen

Future direct-imaging exoplanet missions such as WFIRST/AFTA, Exo-C, and Exo-S will measure the reflectivity of exoplanets at visible wavelengths. The exoplanets to be observed will be located further away from their parent stars than is…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-12-25 Renyu Hu

Context. The crust composition of rocky exoplanets with a substantial atmosphere can not be observed directly. However, recent developments start to allow the observation and characterisation of their atmospheres. Aims. We aim to establish…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-07-02 Oliver Herbort , Leon Sereinig

We propose a method to distinguish between cloudy, hazy and clearsky (free of clouds and hazes) exoplanet atmospheres that could be applicable to upcoming large aperture space and ground-based telescopes such as the James Webb Space…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-10-28 Amit Misra , Victoria Meadows

Exoplanets that orbit close to their host stars are much more highly irradiated than their Solar System counterparts. Understanding the thermal structures and appearances of these planets requires investigating how their atmospheres respond…

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has provided the first opportunity to study the atmospheres of terrestrial exoplanets and estimate their surface conditions. Earth-sized planets around Sun-like stars are currently inaccessible with…

Aerosols are a ubiquitous feature of planetary atmospheres and leave clear spectral imprints in exoplanet spectra. Pre-JWST, exoplanet retrieval frameworks mostly adopted simple parametric approximations. With JWST, we now have access to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-10-28 Elijah Mullens , Nikole K. Lewis , Ryan J. MacDonald

This brief review focuses on methods and applications of modeling exoplanetary atmospheres. We discuss various kinds of state of the art self-consistent and retrieval models in 1D and multi-D with a focus on open questions and short- and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-12-15 Jonathan J. Fortney , Joanna K. Barstow , Nikku Madhusudhan

Due to the unprecedented signal strengths offered by the newest high-resolution spectrographs on 10-m class telescopes, exploring the 3D nature of exoplanets is possible with an unprecedented level of precision. In this paper, we present a…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-09-06 Aurora Y. Kesseli , Hayley Beltz , Emily Rauscher , I. A. G. Snellen

Characterizing the atmospheres of exoplanets and brown dwarfs is crucial for understanding their atmospheric physics and chemistry, searching for biosignatures, and investigating their formation histories. Recent advances in observational…

We present here the analysis of 30 gaseous extrasolar planets, with temperatures between 600 and 2400 K and radii between 0.35 and 1.9 $R_\mathrm{Jup}$. The quality of the HST/WFC3 spatially scanned data combined with our specialized…

Accurately estimating the C/O ratio of hot Jupiter atmospheres is a promising pathway towards understanding planet formation and migration, as well as the formation of clouds and the overall atmospheric composition. The atmosphere of the…

Transiting exoplanet atmospheric characterization is currently in a golden age as dozens of exoplanet atmospheres are being studied by NASA's Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes. This trend is expected to continue with NASA's Pandora…

This article presents a review on the observations and theoretical modeling of the evaporation of extrasolar planets. The observations and the resulting constraints on the upper atmosphere (thermosphere and exosphere) of the "hot-Jupiters".…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2012-01-24 A. Lecavelier des Etangs

Observations of ultra-hot Jupiters offer an unprecedented opportunity to study the physics of some of the most extreme planetary atmospheres known. With exceedingly high amounts of irradiation blasting their upper atmospheres, ultra-hot…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-02-04 Stefan Pelletier , Daniel Kitzmann , Valentina Vaulato , Ana Rita Costa Silva , Michal Steiner , David Ehrenreich

This chapter reviews the current state of observational and theoretical efforts in the characterization of exoplanet atmospheres, with a focus on developments enabled through the Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research (NCCR)…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-13 Daniel Kitzmann , Elspeth K. H. Lee , Jens Hoeijmakers , Kevin Heng

We present high-resolution emission spectroscopy observations of the ultra-hot Jupiter MASCARA-1b with CRIRES+ in the K-band, covering the post-eclipse phases of its orbit. These observations complement previously published pre-eclipse…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-03-19 Swaetha Ramkumar , Neale P. Gibson , Stevanus K. Nugroho , Mark Fortune , Cathal Maguire

We present a search for helium in the upper atmospheres of three sub-Neptune size planets to investigate the origins of these ubiquitous objects. The detection of helium for a low density planet would be strong evidence for the presence of…

Warm Jupiters are ideal laboratories for testing the limitations of current tools for atmospheric studies. The cross-correlation technique is a commonly used method to investigate the atmospheres of close-in planets, leveraging their large…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-08-02 Bibiana Prinoth , Elyar Sedaghati , Julia V. Seidel , H. Jens Hoeijmakers , Rafael Brahm , Brian Thorsbro , Andrés Jordán
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