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The investigation of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) encoding the same Markov property, that is the same conditional independence relations of multivariate observational distributions, has a long tradition; many algorithms exist for model…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2012-09-27 Alain Hauser , Peter Bühlmann

Understanding causal relationships between variables is fundamental across scientific disciplines. Most causal discovery algorithms rely on two key assumptions: (i) all variables are observed, and (ii) the underlying causal graph is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 Muralikrishnna G. Sethuraman , Faramarz Fekri

Estimating the structure of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) of features (variables) plays a vital role in revealing the latent data generation process and providing causal insights in various applications. Although there have been many…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-06 Shaohua Fan , Shuyang Zhang , Xiao Wang , Chuan Shi

In observational studies, the true causal model is typically unknown and needs to be estimated from available observational and limited experimental data. In such cases, the learned causal model is commonly represented as a partially…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-03-01 Malte Luttermann , Marcel Wienöbst , Maciej Liśkiewicz

Pairwise causal background knowledge about the existence or absence of causal edges and paths is frequently encountered in observational studies. Such constraints allow the shared directed and undirected edges in the constrained subclass of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Zhuangyan Fang , Ruiqi Zhao , Yue Liu , Yangbo He

We present a graphical approach to deriving inequality constraints for directed acyclic graph (DAG) models, where some variables are unobserved. In particular we show that the observed distribution of a discrete model is always restricted…

统计理论 · 数学 2012-09-14 Robin J. Evans

Learning the structure of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from observational data is a central problem in causal discovery, statistical signal processing, and machine learning. Under a linear Gaussian structural equation model (SEM) with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Hamed Ajorlou , Samuel Rey , Gonzalo Mateos , Geert Leus , Antonio G. Marques

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are a popular framework to express multivariate probability distributions. Acyclic directed mixed graphs (ADMGs) are generalizations of DAGs that can succinctly capture much richer sets of conditional…

机器学习 · 统计学 2010-09-01 Ricardo Silva , Charles Blundell , Yee Whye Teh

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are central to science and engineering applications including causal inference, scheduling, and neural architecture search. In this work, we introduce the DAG Convolutional Network (DCN), a novel graph neural…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-20 Samuel Rey , Hamed Ajorlou , Gonzalo Mateos

In this article, we propose a new hypothesis testing method for directed acyclic graph (DAG). While there is a rich class of DAG estimation methods, there is a relative paucity of DAG inference solutions. Moreover, the existing methods…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-05-25 Chengchun Shi , Yunzhe Zhou , Lexin Li

Directed acyclic graph (DAG) models are widely used to represent causal relationships among random variables in many application domains. This paper studies a special class of non-Gaussian DAG models, where the conditional variance of each…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-11-03 Wei Zhou , Xin He , Wei Zhong , Junhui Wang

Directed acyclic graph (DAG) has been widely employed to represent directional relationships among a set of collected nodes. Yet, the available data in one single study is often limited for accurate DAG reconstruction, whereas heterogeneous…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-10-17 Mingyang Ren , Xin He , Junhui Wang

Learning the causal structure that underlies data is a crucial step towards robust real-world decision making. The majority of existing work in causal inference focuses on determining a single directed acyclic graph (DAG) or a Markov…

We consider modeling a binary response variable together with a set of covariates for two groups under observational data. The grouping variable can be the confounding variable (the common cause of treatment and outcome), gender,…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-04-13 Rasool Tahmasbi , Keyvan Tahmasbi

Ordinal variables, such as on the Likert scale, are common in applied research. Yet, existing methods for causal inference tend to target nominal or continuous data. When applied to ordinal data, this fails to account for the inherent…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-02-26 Martina Scauda , Jack Kuipers , Giusi Moffa

Scientists often use directed acyclic graphs (days) to model the qualitative structure of causal theories, allowing the parameters to be estimated from observational data. Two causal models are equivalent if there is no experiment which…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2013-04-05 Tom S. Verma , Judea Pearl

Acyclic model, often depicted as a directed acyclic graph (DAG), has been widely employed to represent directional causal relations among collected nodes. In this article, we propose an efficient method to learn linear non-Gaussian DAG in…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-11-02 Ruixuan Zhao , Xin He , Junhui Wang

Knowledge graphs and structural causal models have each proven valuable for organizing biomedical knowledge and estimating causal effects, but remain largely disconnected: knowledge graphs encode qualitative relationships focusing on facts…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Sumyyah Toonsi , Paul Schofield , Robert Hoehndorf

A Bayesian Network is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) on a set of $n$ random variables (the vertices); a Bayesian Network Distribution (BND) is a probability distribution on the random variables that is Markovian on the graph. A finite…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-01 Spencer L. Gordon , Bijan Mazaheri , Yuval Rabani , Leonard J. Schulman

Background: There is increasing interest in approaches for analyzing the effect of exposure mixtures on health. A key issue is how to simultaneously analyze often highly collinear components of the mixture, which can create problems such as…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2020-07-06 Thomas F. Webster , Marc G. Weisskopf