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The recent surge in hardware security is significant due to offshoring the proprietary Intellectual property (IP). One distinct dimension of the disruptive threat is malicious logic insertion, also known as Hardware Trojan (HT). HT subverts…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-12-24 Sheikh Ariful Islam , Farha Islam Mime , S M Asaduzzaman , Farzana Islam

Hardware Trojans (HTs) are undesired design or manufacturing modifications that can severely alter the security and functionality of digital integrated circuits. HTs can be inserted according to various design criteria, e.g., nets switching…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2023-04-27 Amin Sarihi , Peter Jamieson , Ahmad Patooghy , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy

Software-exploitable Hardware Trojans (HTs) enable attackers to execute unauthorized software or gain illicit access to privileged operations. This manuscript introduces a hardware-based methodology for detecting runtime HT activations…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Alessandro Palumbo , Ruben Salvador

Hardware Trojans (HT s) are a persistent threat to integrated circuits, especially when inserted at the register-transfer level (RTL). Existing methods typically first convert the design into a graph, such as a gate-level netlist or an…

Industrial Systems-on-Chips (SoCs) often comprise hundreds of thousands to millions of nets and millions to tens of millions of connectivity edges, making empirical evaluation of hardware-Trojan (HT) detectors on realistic designs both…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Yaroslav Popryho , Debjit Pal , Inna Partin-Vaisband

Neuromorphic computing based on spiking neural networks (SNNs) is emerging as a promising alternative to traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs), offering unique advantages in terms of low power consumption. However, the security…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2025-03-31 Spyridon Raptis , Paul Kling , Ioannis Kaskampas , Ihsen Alouani , Haralampos-G. Stratigopoulos

Current Hardware Trojan (HT) detection techniques are mostly developed based on a limited set of HT benchmarks. Existing HT benchmark circuits are generated with multiple shortcomings, i.e., i) they are heavily biased by the designers'…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-22 Amin Sarihi , Ahmad Patooghy , Peter Jamieson , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy

Stealthy hardware Trojans (HTs) inserted during the fabrication of integrated circuits can bypass the security of critical infrastructures. Although researchers have proposed many techniques to detect HTs, several limitations exist,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-08-30 Vasudev Gohil , Hao Guo , Satwik Patnaik , Jeyavijayan , Rajendran

Hardware Trojans (HTs) have drawn more and more attention in both academia and industry because of its significant potential threat. In this paper, we proposed a novel HT detection method using information entropy based clustering, named…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2019-06-18 Renjie Lu , Haihua Shen , Feng Zhang , Huawei Li , Wei Zhao , Xiaowei Li

Chip manufacturing is a complex process, and to achieve a faster time to market, an increasing number of untrusted third-party tools and designs from around the world are being utilized. The use of these untrusted third party intellectual…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Kiran Thorat , Amit Hasan , Caiwen Ding , Zhijie Shi

Insertion of hardware Trojans (HTs) in integrated circuits is a pernicious threat. Since HTs are activated under rare trigger conditions, detecting them using random logic simulations is infeasible. In this work, we design a reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-08-30 Vasudev Gohil , Satwik Patnaik , Hao Guo , Dileep Kalathil , Jeyavijayan , Rajendran

The threat of hardware Trojans (HTs) and their detection is a widely studied field. While the effort for inserting a Trojan into an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) can be considered relatively high, especially when trusting…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-02-03 Thilo Krachenfels , Jean-Pierre Seifert , Shahin Tajik

Increasing design complexity and reduced time-to-market have motivated manufacturers to outsource some parts of the System-on-Chip (SoC) design flow to third-party vendors. This provides an opportunity for attackers to introduce hardware…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-18 Aruna Jayasena , Prabhat Mishra

Timely detection of Hardware Trojans (HTs) has become a major challenge for secure integrated circuits. We present a run-time methodology for HT detection that employs a multi-parameter statistical traffic modeling of the communication…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-05-26 Faiq Khalid , Syed Rafay Hasan , Osman Hasan , Muhammad Shafique

Existing Hardware Trojans (HT) detection methods face several critical limitations: logic testing struggles with scalability and coverage for large designs, side-channel analysis requires golden reference chips, and formal verification…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-11 Md Omar Faruque , Peter Jamieson , Ahmad Patooghy , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy

The globalization of the Integrated Circuit (IC) supply chain has moved most of the design, fabrication, and testing process from a single trusted entity to various untrusted third-party entities around the world. The risk of using…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-04-26 Rozhin Yasaei , Luke Chen , Shih-Yuan Yu , Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque

In the evolving landscape of integrated circuit design, detecting Hardware Trojans (HTs) within a multi entity based design cycle presents significant challenges. This research proposes an innovative machine learning-based methodology for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Anindita Chattopadhyay , Siddharth Bisariya , Vijay Kumar Sutrakar

This paper utilizes Reinforcement Learning (RL) as a means to automate the Hardware Trojan (HT) insertion process to eliminate the inherent human biases that limit the development of robust HT detection methods. An RL agent explores the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-12 Amin Sarihi , Ahmad Patooghy , Peter Jamieson , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy

Many fabless semiconductor companies outsource their designs to third-party fabrication houses. As trustworthiness of chain after outsourcing including fabrication houses is not established, any adversary in between, with malicious intent…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2022-01-25 Ramakrishna Vaikuntapu , Vineet Sahula , Lava Bhargava

Hardware Trojans (HTs) remain a critical threat because learning-based detectors often overfit to narrow trigger/payload patterns and small, stylized benchmarks. We introduce TrojanGYM, an agentic, LLM-driven framework that automatically…

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