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Improving the reliability of deployed machine learning systems often involves developing methods to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs. However, existing research often narrowly focuses on samples from classes that are absent from the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-11 Charles Guille-Escuret , Pierre-André Noël , Ioannis Mitliagkas , David Vazquez , Joao Monteiro

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for determining when a supervised model encounters inputs that differ meaningfully from its training distribution. While widely studied in classification, OOD detection for regression and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-12-16 Min Lu , Hemant Ishwaran

Machine learning models often encounter samples that are diverged from the training distribution. Failure to recognize an out-of-distribution (OOD) sample, and consequently assign that sample to an in-class label significantly compromises…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-12-06 Mohammadreza Salehi , Hossein Mirzaei , Dan Hendrycks , Yixuan Li , Mohammad Hossein Rohban , Mohammad Sabokrou

Image anomaly detection plays a vital role in applications such as industrial quality inspection and medical imaging, where it directly contributes to improving product quality and system reliability. However, existing methods often…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Zekang Weng , Jinjin Shi , Jinwei Wang , Zeming Han

Deep anomaly detection methods learn representations that separate between normal and anomalous images. Although self-supervised representation learning is commonly used, small dataset sizes limit its effectiveness. It was previously shown…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-11-29 Tal Reiss , Yedid Hoshen

Addressing the Out-of-Distribution (OoD) segmentation task is a prerequisite for perception systems operating in an open-world environment. Large foundational models are frequently used in downstream tasks, however, their potential for OoD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-11 Nazir Nayal , Youssef Shoeb , Fatma Güney

Deep unsupervised representation learning has recently led to new approaches in the field of Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) in brain MRI. The main principle behind these works is to learn a model of normal anatomy by learning to…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-04-09 Christoph Baur , Stefan Denner , Benedikt Wiestler , Shadi Albarqouni , Nassir Navab

Anomaly detection (AD), separating anomalies from normal data, has many applications across domains, from security to healthcare. While most previous works were shown to be effective for cases with fully or partially labeled data, that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-08-08 Jinsung Yoon , Kihyuk Sohn , Chun-Liang Li , Sercan O. Arik , Chen-Yu Lee , Tomas Pfister

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is crucial to the safe deployment of a classifier in the real world. However, deep neural networks are known to be overconfident for abnormal data. Existing works directly design score function by…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-01-06 Wenyu Jiang , Yuxin Ge , Hao Cheng , Mingcai Chen , Shuai Feng , Chongjun Wang

Understanding the decision-making and trusting the reliability of Deep Machine Learning Models is crucial for adopting such methods to safety-relevant applications. We extend self-explainable Prototypical Variational models with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Conrad Orglmeister , Erik Bochinski , Volker Eiselein , Elvira Fleig

Unsupervised anomaly detection using deep learning has garnered significant research attention due to its broad applicability, particularly in medical imaging where labeled anomalous data are scarce. While earlier approaches leverage…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Chunlei Li , Yilei Shi , Jingliang Hu , Xiao Xiang Zhu , Lichao Mou

Anomaly detection methods require high-quality features. In recent years, the anomaly detection community has attempted to obtain better features using advances in deep self-supervised feature learning. Surprisingly, a very promising…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-08-13 Tal Reiss , Niv Cohen , Liron Bergman , Yedid Hoshen

Anomaly detection has wide applications in machine intelligence but is still a difficult unsolved problem. Major challenges include the rarity of labeled anomalies and it is a class highly imbalanced problem. Traditional unsupervised…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-27 Zhi Chen , Jiang Duan , Li Kang , Guoping Qiu

Recently, deep generative models have become increasingly popular in unsupervised anomaly detection. However, deep generative models aim at recovering the data distribution rather than detecting anomalies. Besides, deep generative models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-15 Xuhong Wang , Ying Du , Shijie Lin , Ping Cui , Yuntian Shen , Yupu Yang

We focus on a specific use case in anomaly detection where the distribution of normal samples is supported by a lower-dimensional manifold. Here, regularized autoencoders provide a popular approach by learning the identity mapping on the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-14 Alexander Bauer , Shinichi Nakajima , Klaus-Robert Müller

Medical imaging data suffers from the limited availability of annotation because annotating 3D medical data is a time-consuming and expensive task. Moreover, even if the annotation is available, supervised learning-based approaches suffer…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-11-12 Abinav Ravi Venkatakrishnan , Seong Tae Kim , Rami Eisawy , Franz Pfister , Nassir Navab

Deep generative models have been demonstrated as state-of-the-art density estimators. Yet, recent work has found that they often assign a higher likelihood to data from outside the training distribution. This seemingly paradoxical behavior…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-19 Jakob D. Havtorn , Jes Frellsen , Søren Hauberg , Lars Maaløe

With the wide application of knowledge distillation between an ImageNet pre-trained teacher model and a learnable student model, unsupervised anomaly detection has witnessed a significant achievement in the past few years. The success of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Canhui Tang , Sanping Zhou , Yizhe Li , Yonghao Dong , Le Wang

Object detection is a pivotal task in computer vision that has received significant attention in previous years. Nonetheless, the capability of a detector to localise objects out of the training distribution remains unexplored. Whilst…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Brian K. S. Isaac-Medina , Yona Falinie A. Gaus , Neelanjan Bhowmik , Toby P. Breckon

Reliably modeling normality and differentiating abnormal appearances from normal cases is a very appealing approach for detecting pathologies in medical images. A plethora of such unsupervised anomaly detection approaches has been made in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-04-19 Christoph Baur , Benedikt Wiestler , Shadi Albarqouni , Nassir Navab