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Speeding up the spelling in event-related potentials (ERP) based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) requires eliciting strong brain responses in a short span of time, as much as the accurate classification of such evoked potentials remains…
Two prominent strategies that the human visual system uses to reduce incoming information are spatial integration and selective attention. Although spatial integration summarizes and combines information over the visual field, selective…
Large pretrained self-attention neural networks, or transformers, have been very successful in various tasks recently. The performance of a model on a given task depends on its ability to memorize and generalize the training data. Large…
This study investigates brain connectivity and information flow during mental workload (MWL) by integrating electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals. Utilizing the N-back task to induce varying…
Remarkable effectiveness of the channel or spatial attention mechanisms for producing more discernible feature representation are illustrated in various computer vision tasks. However, modeling the cross-channel relationships with channel…
Representation and classification of Electroencephalography (EEG) brain signals are critical processes for their analysis in cognitive tasks. Particularly, extraction of discriminative features from raw EEG signals, without any…
Embedding learning, a.k.a. representation learning, has been shown to be able to model large-scale semantic knowledge graphs. A key concept is a mapping of the knowledge graph to a tensor representation whose entries are predicted by models…
In the fields of brain-computer interaction and cognitive neuroscience, effective decoding of auditory signals from task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is key to understanding how the brain processes complex auditory…
Emerging evidence shows that the modular organization of the human brain allows for better and efficient cognitive performance. Many of these cognitive functions are very fast and occur in subsecond time scale such as the visual object…
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a critical transitional stage between normal cognitive aging and dementia, making its early detection essential. This study investigates the neural mechanisms of distractor suppression in MCI patients…
Forming accurate memory of sequential stimuli is a fundamental function of biological agents. However, the computational mechanism underlying sequential memory in the brain remains unclear. Inspired by neuroscience theories and recent…
Major depressive disorder (MDD) presents challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its complex and heterogeneous nature. Emerging evidence indicates that reward processing abnormalities may serve as a behavioral marker for MDD. To…
Embodied task planning requires agents to execute long-horizon, goal-directed actions in complex 3D environments, where success depends on both immediate perception and accumulated experience across tasks. However, most existing LLM-based…
We consider a fully-connected network of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons with spike-timing-dependent plasticity. The plasticity is controlled by a parameter representing the expected weight of a synapse between neurons that are firing…
An electroencephalogram (EEG) records the spatially averaged electrical activity of neurons in the brain, measured from the human scalp. Prior studies have explored EEG-based classification of objects or concepts, often for passive viewing…
Information from preceding trials of cognitive tasks can bias performance in the current trial, a phenomenon referred to as interference. Subjects performing visual working memory tasks exhibit interference in their trial-to-trial response…
Attention mechanism has gained great success in vision recognition. Many works are devoted to improving the effectiveness of attention mechanism, which finely design the structure of the attention operator. These works need lots of…
Catastrophic forgetting has remained a significant challenge for efficient reinforcement learning for decades (Ring 1994, Rivest and Precup 2003). While recent works have proposed effective methods to mitigate this issue, they mainly focus…
Previous theoretical studies on the interaction of excitatory and inhibitory neurons proposed to model this cortical microcircuit motif as a so-called Winner-Take-All (WTA) circuit. A recent modeling study however found that the WTA model…
Over one third of the estimated 3 million people with epilepsy in the US are medication resistant. Responsive neurostimulation from chronically implanted electrodes provides a promising treatment option and alternative to resective surgery.…