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Terrestrial extrasolar planets around low-mass stars are prime targets when searching for atmospheric biosignatures with current and near-future telescopes. The habitable-zone Super-Earth LHS 1140 b could hold a hydrogen-dominated…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-03-10 Fabian Wunderlich , Markus Scheucher , John Lee Grenfell , Franz Schreier , Clara Sousa-Silva , Mareike Godolt , Heike Rauer

Constraining the composition of super-Earth-to-sub-Neptune-size planets is a priority to understand the processes of planetary formation and evolution. pi Men c represents a unique target for the atmospheric and compositional…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-01-15 Antonio García Muñoz , Allison Youngblood , Luca Fossati , Davide Gandolfi , Juan Cabrera , Heike Rauer

We present a JWST NIRISS/SOSS transmission spectrum of the super-Earth GJ 357 b: the first atmospheric observation of this exoplanet. Despite missing the first $\sim$40 % of the transit due to using an out-of-date ephemeris, we still…

We model the formation of silicate atmospheres on hot volatile-free super-Earths. Our calculations assume that all volatile elements such as H, C, N, S, and Cl have been lost from the planet. We find that the atmospheres are composed…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2009-09-28 Laura Schaefer , Bruce Fegley

Traditionally, the search for life on exoplanets has been predominantly focused on rocky exoplanets. Hycean worlds are a class of habitable sub-Neptunes with planet-wide oceans and H2-rich atmospheres. Their broad range of possible sizes…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-06-27 Nikku Madhusudhan , Julianne I. Moses , Frances Rigby , Edouard Barrier

The recent detection of an atmosphere surrounding the trans-Neptunian object (TNO) 2002 XV$_{93}$ from stellar occultation measurements has challenged the longstanding view that only the largest TNOs can sustain an atmosphere. Atmospheric…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-05-29 Ian Wong , Silvia Protopapa , Emmanuel Lellouch

Some recently discovered short-period Earth to Neptune sized exoplanets (super Earths) have low observed mean densities which can only be explained by voluminous gaseous atmospheres. Here, we study the conditions allowing the accretion and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-07-06 Sivan Ginzburg , Hilke E. Schlichting , Re'em Sari

With the upcoming launch of space telescopes dedicated to the study of exoplanets, the \textit{Atmospheric Remote-Sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey} (ARIEL) and the \textit{James Webb Space Telescope} (JWST), a new era is opening in…

Planets smaller than Neptune and larger than Earth make up the majority of the discovered exoplanets. Those with H$_2$-rich atmospheres are prime targets for atmospheric characterization. The transition between the two main classes,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-12-08 Shang-Min Tsai , Hamish Innes , Tim Lichtenberg , Jake Taylor , Matej Malik , Katy Chubb , Raymond Pierrehumbert

The relative abundance of deuterium and hydrogen is a potent tracer of planet formation and evolution. Jupiter and Saturn have protosolar atmospheric D/H ratios, a relic of substantial gas accretion from the nebula, while the atmospheres of…

We investigate at what abundances various hydrocarbon molecules (e.g. acetylene (C$_2$H$_2$), ethylene (C$_2$H$_4$), and methane (CH$_4$)) become detectable when observing the atmospheres of various planets using JWST. We focused on…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-02-03 Danny Gasman , Michiel Min , Katy L. Chubb

During the million years of evolution, gas dust and ice in protoplanetary disks can be chemically reprocessed. There are evidences that the gas-phase carbon and oxygen abundances are sub-solar in disks belonging to nearby star forming…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-07-01 D. Fedele , C. Favre

We predict that cyanoacetylene (HC$_3$N) is produced photochemically in the atmosphere of GJ 1132 b in abundances detectable by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), assuming that the atmosphere is hydrogen dominated and rich in molecular…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-11-17 Paul B. Rimmer , Liton Majumdar , Akshay Priyadarshi , Sam Wright , S. N. Yurchenko

The population of ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) provide unique opportunities to probe the extreme formation and evolutionary pathways in exoplanets. Owing to their very high temperatures and inflated atmospheres, UHJs are among the most…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-14 Suman Saha , James S. Jenkins

We investigated the chemistry of nitrogen--containing species, principally isotopomers of CN, HCN, and HNC, in a sample of pre-protostellar cores. We used the IRAM 30 m telescope to measure the emission in rotational and hyperfine…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-18 Pierre Hily-Blant , Malcolm Walmsley , G. Pineau Des forêts , David Flower

The detection and atmospheric characterization of super-Earths is one of the major frontiers of exoplanetary science. Currently, extensive efforts are underway to detect molecules, particularly H2O, in super-Earth atmospheres. In the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-22 Nikku Madhusudhan , Seth Redfield

The super-Earth exoplanet 55 Cnc e, the smallest member of a five-planet system, has recently been observed to transit its host star. The radius estimates from transit observations, coupled with spectroscopic determinations of mass, provide…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-17 Johanna K. Teske , Katia Cunha , Simon C. Schuler , Caitlin A. Griffith , Verne V. Smith

We analyze the interiors of HD~219134~b and c, which are among the coolest super Earths detected thus far. Without using spectroscopic measurements, we aim at constraining if the possible atmospheres are hydrogen-rich or hydrogen-poor. In a…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-02-07 Caroline Dorn , Kevin Heng

Super-Earths are highly irradiated, small planets with bulk densities approximately consistent with Earth. We construct combined interior-atmosphere models of super-Earths that trace the partitioning of water throughout a planet, including…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-12-17 James G. Rogers , Caroline Dorn , Vivasvaan Aditya Raj , Hilke E. Schlichting , Edward D. Young

We present a comprehensive atmospheric retrieval study of the hot Jupiter WASP-77A\,b using eclipse observations from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and JWST. Using atmospheric retrievals, the spectral features of H$_2$O, CO, and TiO are…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-02-29 Billy Edwards , Quentin Changeat