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Although overparameterized models have achieved remarkable practical success, their theoretical properties, particularly their generalization behavior, remain incompletely understood. The well known double descents phenomenon suggests that…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-01-06 Haoran Zhan , Yingcun Xia

A key challenge in building theoretical foundations for deep learning is the complex optimization dynamics of neural networks, resulting from the high-dimensional interactions between the large number of network parameters. Such non-trivial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-07 Mohammad Pezeshki , Amartya Mitra , Yoshua Bengio , Guillaume Lajoie

Double descent is a surprising phenomenon in machine learning, in which as the number of model parameters grows relative to the number of data, test error drops as models grow ever larger into the highly overparameterized (data…

We study the generalization behavior of transfer learning of deep neural networks (DNNs). We adopt the overparameterization perspective -- featuring interpolation of the training data (i.e., approximately zero train error) and the double…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-13 Yehuda Dar , Lorenzo Luzi , Richard G. Baraniuk

Combining empirical risk minimization with capacity control is a classical strategy in machine learning when trying to control the generalization gap and avoid overfitting, as the model class capacity gets larger. Yet, in modern deep…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-18 Marc Lafon , Alexandre Thomas

Modern deep learning models employ considerably more parameters than required to fit the training data. Whereas conventional statistical wisdom suggests such models should drastically overfit, in practice these models generalize remarkably…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-08-18 Ben Adlam , Jeffrey Pennington

Double descent presents a counter-intuitive aspect within the machine learning domain, and researchers have observed its manifestation in various models and tasks. While some theoretical explanations have been proposed for this phenomenon…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-26 Yufei Gu , Xiaoqing Zheng , Tomaso Aste

Deep learning methods operate in regimes that defy the traditional statistical mindset. Neural network architectures often contain more parameters than training samples, and are so rich that they can interpolate the observed labels, even if…

统计理论 · 数学 2020-12-14 Song Mei , Andrea Montanari

A regression model with more parameters than data points in the training data is overparametrized and has the capability to interpolate the training data. Based on the classical bias-variance tradeoff expressions, it is commonly assumed…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-18 Tomas McKelvey

The ability of overparameterized deep networks to interpolate noisy data, while at the same time showing good generalization performance, has been recently characterized in terms of the double descent curve for the test error. Common…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-11 Matteo Gamba , Erik Englesson , Mårten Björkman , Hossein Azizpour

Optimization plays a key role in the training of deep neural networks. Deciding when to stop training can have a substantial impact on the performance of the network during inference. Under certain conditions, the generalization error can…

Over-parameterized models, such as large deep networks, often exhibit a double descent phenomenon, whereas a function of model size, error first decreases, increases, and decreases at last. This intriguing double descent behavior also…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-09-22 Reinhard Heckel , Fatih Furkan Yilmaz

Conventional statistical wisdom established a well-understood relationship between model complexity and prediction error, typically presented as a U-shaped curve reflecting a transition between under- and overfitting regimes. However,…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-10-31 Alicia Curth , Alan Jeffares , Mihaela van der Schaar

Empirically it has been observed that the performance of deep neural networks steadily improves as we increase model size, contradicting the classical view on overfitting and generalization. Recently, the double descent phenomena has been…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-28 Ilja Kuzborskij , Csaba Szepesvári , Omar Rivasplata , Amal Rannen-Triki , Razvan Pascanu

In this paper, we studied two identically-trained neural networks (i.e. networks with the same architecture, trained on the same dataset using the same algorithm, but with different initialization) and found that their outputs discrepancy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-26 Yifan Luo , Bin Dong

We study overparameterization in generative adversarial networks (GANs) that can interpolate the training data. We show that overparameterization can improve generalization performance and accelerate the training process. We study the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-02 Lorenzo Luzi , Yehuda Dar , Richard Baraniuk

`Double descent' delineates the generalization behaviour of models depending on the regime they belong to: under- or over-parameterized. The current theoretical understanding behind the occurrence of this phenomenon is primarily based on…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-03-15 Sidak Pal Singh , Aurelien Lucchi , Thomas Hofmann , Bernhard Schölkopf

Recently, the benefit of heavily overparameterized models has been observed in machine learning tasks: models with enough capacity to easily cross the \emph{interpolation threshold} improve in generalization error compared to the classical…

高能物理 - 实验 · 物理学 2025-09-03 Matthias Vigl , Lukas Heinrich

Classical learning theory suggests that the optimal generalization performance of a machine learning model should occur at an intermediate model complexity, with simpler models exhibiting high bias and more complex models exhibiting high…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-11-09 Ben Adlam , Jeffrey Pennington

Modern neural networks are often operated in a strongly overparametrized regime: they comprise so many parameters that they can interpolate the training set, even if actual labels are replaced by purely random ones. Despite this, they…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-06-10 Andrea Montanari , Yiqiao Zhong
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