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Biomedical question-answering (QA) has gained increased attention for its capability to provide users with high-quality information from a vast scientific literature. Although an increasing number of biomedical QA datasets has been recently…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods which learn representations of data without explicit supervision have gained popularity in speech-processing tasks, particularly for single-talker applications. However, these models often have…

Modern smartphones possess hardware for audio acquisition and to perform speech processing tasks such as speaker recognition and health assessment. However, energy consumption remains a concern, especially for resource-intensive DNNs. Prior…

In this paper, we present our overall efforts to improve the performance of a code-switching speech recognition system using semi-supervised training methods from lexicon learning to acoustic modeling, on the South East Asian…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) for code increasingly utilize massive, often non-permissively licensed datasets, evaluating data contamination through Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) has become critical. We propose SERSEM (Selective…

The quality of speech codecs deteriorates at low bitrates due to high quantization noise. A post-filter is generally employed to enhance the quality of the coded speech. In this paper, a data-driven post-filter relying on masking in the…

Feature selection has been widely used to alleviate compute requirements during training, elucidate model interpretability, and improve model generalizability. We propose SLM -- Sparse Learnable Masks -- a canonical approach for end-to-end…

Sequence-to-sequence attention-based models integrate an acoustic, pronunciation and language model into a single neural network, which make them very suitable for multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR). In this paper, we are…

In this paper, we propose a three-stage training methodology to improve the speech recognition accuracy of low-resource languages. We explore and propose an effective combination of techniques such as transfer learning, encoder freezing,…

Massively multilingual sentence representation models, e.g., LASER, SBERT-distill, and LaBSE, help significantly improve cross-lingual downstream tasks. However, the use of a large amount of data or inefficient model architectures results…

This paper investigates the performance of various speech SSL models on dialectal Arabic (DA) and Arabic-English code-switched (CS) speech. To address data scarcity, a modified audio-splicing approach is introduced to generate artificial CS…

Attention-based contextual biasing approaches have shown significant improvements in the recognition of generic and/or personal rare-words in End-to-End Automatic Speech Recognition (E2E ASR) systems like neural transducers. These…

Since the introduction of Masked Autoencoders, various improvements to masking techniques have been explored. In this paper, we rethink masking strategies for audio representation learning using masked prediction-based self-supervised…

Small Language Models (SLMs, or on-device LMs) have significantly fewer parameters than Large Language Models (LLMs). They are typically deployed on low-end devices, like mobile phones and single-board computers. Unlike LLMs, which rely on…

Energy-based language models (ELMs) parameterize an unnormalized distribution for natural sentences and are radically different from popular autoregressive language models (ALMs). As an important application, ELMs have been successfully…

Although deep learning (DL) has achieved notable progress in speech enhancement (SE), further research is still required for a DL-based SE system to adapt effectively and efficiently to particular speakers. In this study, we propose a novel…

Entropy minimization (EM) trains the model to concentrate even more probability mass on its most confident outputs. We show that this simple objective alone, without any labeled data, can substantially improve large language models' (LLMs)…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has advanced speech processing but suffers from quadratic complexity due to self-attention. To address this, SummaryMixing (SM) has been proposed as a linear-time alternative that summarizes entire utterances…

Streaming end-to-end speech recognition models have been widely applied to mobile devices and show significant improvement in efficiency. These models are typically trained on the server using transcribed speech data. However, the server…

Many end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems still rely on pre-processed frequency-domain features that are handcrafted to emulate the human hearing. Our work is motivated by recent advances in integrated learnable feature…