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A Markov Decision Process (MDP) is a popular model for reinforcement learning. However, its commonly used assumption of stationary dynamics and rewards is too stringent and fails to hold in adversarial, nonstationary, or multi-agent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-08-22 Tiancheng Yu , Suvrit Sra

Reinforcementlearning(RL)folkloresuggeststhathistory-basedfunctionapproximationmethods,suchas recurrent neural nets or history-based state abstraction, perform better than their memory-less counterparts, due to the fact that function…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-08 Gandharv Patil , Aditya Mahajan , Doina Precup

The standard RL world model is that of a Markov Decision Process (MDP). A basic premise of MDPs is that the rewards depend on the last state and action only. Yet, many real-world rewards are non-Markovian. For example, a reward for bringing…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2019-12-06 Maor Gaon , Ronen I. Brafman

One major limitation to the applicability of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to many practical domains is the large number of samples required to learn an optimal policy. To address this problem and improve learning efficiency, we consider a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-07 Roberto Cipollone , Giuseppe De Giacomo , Marco Favorito , Luca Iocchi , Fabio Patrizi

Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables an intelligent agent to optimise its performance in a task by continuously taking action from an observed state and receiving a feedback from the environment in form of rewards. RL typically uses tables…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Alberto Castagna

We study reinforcement learning with linear function approximation and finite-memory approximations for partially observed Markov decision processes (POMDPs). We first present an algorithm for the value evaluation of finite-memory feedback…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-05-22 Ali Devran Kara

We present a model-free reinforcement learning algorithm to find an optimal policy for a finite-horizon Markov decision process while guaranteeing a desired lower bound on the probability of satisfying a signal temporal logic (STL)…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-09-29 Krishna C. Kalagarla , Rahul Jain , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Reinforcement learning (RL) has re-emerged as a natural approach for training interactive LLM agents in real-world environments. However, directly applying the widely used Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) algorithm to multi-turn…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Junbo Li , Peng Zhou , Rui Meng , Meet P. Vadera , Lihong Li , Yang Li

Markov decision processes (MDPs) are a well studied framework for solving sequential decision making problems under uncertainty. Exact methods for solving MDPs based on dynamic programming such as policy iteration and value iteration are…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2015-09-09 Yanping Huang

In probably approximately correct (PAC) reinforcement learning (RL), an agent is required to identify an $\epsilon$-optimal policy with probability $1-\delta$. While minimax optimal algorithms exist for this problem, its instance-dependent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-25 Andrea Tirinzoni , Aymen Al-Marjani , Emilie Kaufmann

Standard reinforcement learning (RL) aims to find an optimal policy that identifies the best action for each state. However, in healthcare settings, many actions may be near-equivalent with respect to the reward (e.g., survival). We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-27 Shengpu Tang , Aditya Modi , Michael W. Sjoding , Jenna Wiens

We present two elegant solutions for modeling continuous-time dynamics, in a novel model-based reinforcement learning (RL) framework for semi-Markov decision processes (SMDPs), using neural ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Our models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-27 Jianzhun Du , Joseph Futoma , Finale Doshi-Velez

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown a promising performance in learning optimal policies for a variety of sequential decision-making tasks. However, in many real-world RL problems, besides optimizing the main objectives, the agent is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-30 Ashkan B. Jeddi , Nariman L. Dehghani , Abdollah Shafieezadeh

This work studies reinforcement learning in the Sim-to-Real setting, in which an agent is first trained on a number of simulators before being deployed in the real world, with the aim of decreasing the real-world sample complexity…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-28 Yuren Zhong , Aniket Anand Deshmukh , Clayton Scott

We study offline Reinforcement Learning in large infinite-horizon discounted Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) when the reward and transition models are linearly realizable under a known feature map. Starting from the classic linear-program…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Gergely Neu , Nneka Okolo

Reinforcement learning (RL) methods learn optimal decisions in the presence of a stationary environment. However, the stationary assumption on the environment is very restrictive. In many real world problems like traffic signal control,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-08 Sindhu Padakandla , Prabuchandran K. J , Shalabh Bhatnagar

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents have traditionally been tasked with maximizing the value function of a Markov decision process (MDP), either in continuous settings, with fixed discount factor $\gamma < 1$, or in episodic settings, with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-02-11 Silviu Pitis

While Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising approach to many complex tasks, it remains challenging to train a single DRL agent that is capable of undertaking multiple different continuous control tasks. In this paper,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-19 Zhiyuan Xu , Kun Wu , Zhengping Che , Jian Tang , Jieping Ye

In this paper, we present a new approach to Transfer Learning (TL) in Reinforcement Learning (RL) for cross-domain tasks. Many of the available techniques approach the transfer architecture as a method of speeding up the target task…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-01-23 Girish Joshi , Girish Chowdhary

To ensure the usefulness of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in real systems, it is crucial to ensure they are robust to noise and adversarial attacks. In adversarial RL, an external attacker has the power to manipulate the victim agent's…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Jeremy McMahan , Young Wu , Xiaojin Zhu , Qiaomin Xie