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Semi-supervised learning is a setting in which one has labeled and unlabeled data available. In this survey we explore different types of theoretical results when one uses unlabeled data in classification and regression tasks. Most methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-31 Alexander Mey , Marco Loog

In the era of data-driven intelligence, the paradox of data abundance and annotation scarcity has emerged as a critical bottleneck in the advancement of machine learning. This paper gives a detailed overview of Active Learning (AL), which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Chiung-Yi Tseng , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Tianyang Wang , Chia Xin Liang , Xinyuan Song , Ming Liu

Supervised classification algorithms are used to solve a growing number of real-life problems around the globe. Their performance is strictly connected with the quality of labels used in training. Unfortunately, acquiring good-quality…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Daniel Kałuża , Andrzej Janusz , Dominik Ślęzak

There has been increased interest in devising learning techniques that combine unlabeled data with labeled data ? i.e. semi-supervised learning. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been performed across various techniques…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2011-09-12 N. V. Chawla , Grigoris Karakoulas

Wildlife camera trap images are being used extensively to investigate animal abundance, habitat associations, and behavior, which is complicated by the fact that experts must first classify the images manually. Artificial intelligence…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-03 Ludwig Bothmann , Lisa Wimmer , Omid Charrakh , Tobias Weber , Hendrik Edelhoff , Wibke Peters , Hien Nguyen , Caryl Benjamin , Annette Menzel

Classification predicts classes of objects using the knowledge learned during the training phase. This process requires learning from labeled samples. However, the labeled samples usually limited. Annotation process is annoying, tedious,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-06-06 Shahira Shaaban Azab , Mohamed Farouk Abdel Hady , Hesham Ahmed Hefny

We design an active learning algorithm for cost-sensitive multiclass classification: problems where different errors have different costs. Our algorithm, COAL, makes predictions by regressing to each label's cost and predicting the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-13 Akshay Krishnamurthy , Alekh Agarwal , Tzu-Kuo Huang , Hal Daume , John Langford

Real-world training data is often noisy; for example, human annotators assign conflicting class labels to the same instances. Partial-label learning (PLL) is a weakly supervised learning paradigm that allows training classifiers in this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Tobias Fuchs , Florian Kalinke

In our today's information society more and more data emerges, e.g.~in social networks, technical applications, or business applications. Companies try to commercialize these data using data mining or machine learning methods. For this…

机器学习 · 统计学 2016-10-17 Tobias Reitmaier , Adrian Calma , Bernhard Sick

We introduce a new framework for sample-efficient model evaluation that we call active testing. While approaches like active learning reduce the number of labels needed for model training, existing literature largely ignores the cost of…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-06-15 Jannik Kossen , Sebastian Farquhar , Yarin Gal , Tom Rainforth

Active Learning aims to optimize performance while minimizing annotation costs by selecting the most informative samples from an unlabelled pool. Traditional uncertainty sampling often leads to sampling bias by choosing similar uncertain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-27 Tejaswi Kasarla , Abhishek Jha , Faye Tervoort , Rita Cucchiara , Pascal Mettes

We consider the problem of training a model under the presence of label noise. Current approaches identify samples with potentially incorrect labels and reduce their influence on the learning process by either assigning lower weights to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-04 Duc Tam Nguyen , Thi-Phuong-Nhung Ngo , Zhongyu Lou , Michael Klar , Laura Beggel , Thomas Brox

Active learning (AL) is a sequential learning scheme aiming to select the most informative data. AL reduces data consumption and avoids the cost of labeling large amounts of data. However, AL trains the model and solves an acquisition…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-13 Cen-You Li , Marc Toussaint , Barbara Rakitsch , Christoph Zimmer

Self-supervised learning, which learns by constructing artificial labels given only the input signals, has recently gained considerable attention for learning representations with unlabeled datasets, i.e., learning without any…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-30 Hankook Lee , Sung Ju Hwang , Jinwoo Shin

In this paper, we suggest a novel data-driven approach to active learning (AL). The key idea is to train a regressor that predicts the expected error reduction for a candidate sample in a particular learning state. By formulating the query…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-07-17 Ksenia Konyushkova , Raphael Sznitman , Pascal Fua

Given an unlabeled dataset and an annotation budget, we study how to selectively label a fixed number of instances so that semi-supervised learning (SSL) on such a partially labeled dataset is most effective. We focus on selecting the right…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-24 Xudong Wang , Long Lian , Stella X. Yu

Supervised machine learning relies on the availability of good labelled data for model training. Labelled data is acquired by human annotation, which is a cumbersome and costly process, often requiring subject matter experts. Active…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-31 Sharath M Shankaranarayana

In many classification problems unlabelled data is abundant and a subset can be chosen for labelling. This defines the context of active learning (AL), where methods systematically select that subset, to improve a classifier by retraining.…

机器学习 · 统计学 2014-07-31 Lewis P. G. Evans , Niall M. Adams , Christoforos Anagnostopoulos

In semi-supervised learning, the prevailing understanding suggests that observing additional unlabeled samples improves estimation accuracy for linear parameters only in the case of model misspecification. In this work, we challenge such a…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-09-03 Kai Chen , Yuqian Zhang

Due to the privacy protection or the difficulty of data collection, we cannot observe individual outputs for each instance, but we can observe aggregated outputs that are summed over multiple instances in a set in some real-world…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-10-05 Tomoharu Iwata