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Quantum computation represents a threat to many cryptographic protocols in operation today. It has been estimated that by 2035, there will exist a quantum computer capable of breaking the vital cryptographic scheme RSA2048. Blockchain…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-05-06 Joseph J. Kearney , Carlos A. Perez-Delgado

Ransomware is an emerging threat which imposed a \$ 5 billion loss in 2017 and is predicted to hit \$ 11.5 billion in 2019. While initially targeting PC (client) platforms, ransomware recently made the leap to server-side databases -…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-07-17 Lukas Iffländer , Alexandra Dmitrienko , Christoph Hagen , Michael Jobst , Samuel Kounev

In the current era of interconnected cyberspace, there is an adverse effect of ransomware on individuals, startups, and large companies. Cybercriminals hold digital assets till the demand for payment is made. The success of ransomware…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Sharmila S P

Ransomware is currently the key threat for individual as well as corporate Internet users. Especially dangerous is crypto ransomware that encrypts important user data and it is only possible to recover it once a ransom has been paid.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-04-10 Krzysztof Cabaj , Marcin Gregorczyk , Wojciech Mazurczyk

This study presents a critical review of disclosed, documented, and malicious cybersecurity incidents in the water sector to inform safeguarding efforts against cybersecurity threats. The review is presented within a technical context of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-07-28 Amin Hassanzadeh , Amin Rasekh , Stefano Galelli , Mohsen Aghashahi , Riccardo Taormina , Avi Ostfeld , Katherine Banks

Ransomware attacks have emerged as one of the most significant cybersecurity threats. Despite numerous proposed detection and defense methods, existing approaches face two fundamental limitations in large-scale industrial applications:…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-30 Shenao Wang , Feng Dong , Hangfeng Yang , Jingheng Xu , Haoyu Wang

LockBit has evolved from an obscure Ransomware-as-a-Service newcomer in 2019 to the most prolific ransomware franchise of 2024. Leveraging a recently leaked MySQL dump of the gang's management panel, this study offers an end-to-end…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Felipe Castaño , Constantinos Patsakis , Francesco Zola , Fran Casino

Fileless malware and cryptojacking attacks have appeared independently as the new alarming threats in 2017. After 2020, fileless attacks have been devastating for victim organizations with low-observable characteristics. Also, the amount of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-03-10 Said Varlioglu , Nelly Elsayed , Zag ElSayed , Murat Ozer

Cryptocurrencies have gained popularity due to their transparency, security, and accessibility compared to traditional financial systems, with Bitcoin, introduced in 2009, leading the market. Bitcoin's security relies on blockchain…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Dinitha Wijewardhana , Sugandima Vidanagamachchi , Nalin Arachchilage

There is an increase in global malware threats. To address this, an encryption-type ransomware has been introduced on the Android operating system. The challenges associated with malicious threats in phone use have become a pressing issue…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-30 Parick Ozoh , John K Omoniyi , Bukola Ibitoye

The commoditization of Malware-as-a-Service (MaaS) allows criminals to obtain financial benefits at a low risk and with little technical background. One such popular product in the underground economy is ransomware. In ransomware attacks,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-07-09 Javier Yuste , Sergio Pastrana

Ransomware (RW) presents a significant and widespread threat in the digital landscape, necessitating effective countermeasures. Active cyber deception is a promising strategy to thwart RW and limiting its propagation by misleading it with…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Md Sajidul Islam Sajid , Jinpeng Wei , Ehab Al-Shaer

Cybercrime is a growing threat to organizations and individuals worldwide, with criminals using sophisticated techniques to breach security systems and steal sensitive data. This paper aims to comprehensively survey the latest advancements…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-12 Lavanya Elluri , Varun Mandalapu , Piyush Vyas , Nirmalya Roy

The threat from ransomware continues to grow both in the number of affected victims as well as the cost incurred by the people and organisations impacted in a successful attack. In the majority of cases, once a victim has been attacked…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-06-29 Simon R Davies , Richard Macfarlane , William J Buchanan

Ransomware is a growing threat that typically operates by either encrypting a victim's files or locking a victim's computer until the victim pays a ransom. However, it is still challenging to detect such malware timely with existing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-02-01 Muhammad Ejaz Ahmed , Hyoungshick Kim , Seyit Camtepe , Surya Nepal

Bitcoin is a "crypto currency", a decentralized electronic payment scheme based on cryptography. Bitcoin economy grows at an incredibly fast rate and is now worth some 10 billions of dollars. Bitcoin mining is an activity which consists of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2014-12-03 Nicolas T. Courtois , Lear Bahack

The economics of an internet crime has newly developed into a field of controlling black money. This economic approach not only provides estimated technique of analyzing internet crimes but also gives details to analyzers of system…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2014-01-22 Umer Asgher , Fahad Moazzam Dar , Ali Hamza , Abdul Moeed Paracha

Multiple works have leveraged the public Bitcoin ledger to estimate the revenue cybercriminals obtain from their victims. Estimations focusing on the same target often do not agree, due to the use of different methodologies, seed addresses,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-11-29 Gibran Gomez , Kevin van Liebergen , Juan Caballero

Ransomware is a malicious class of software that utilises encryption to implement an attack on system availability. The target's data remains encrypted and is held captive by the attacker until a ransom demand is met. A common approach used…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-10-25 Simon R Davies , Richard Macfarlane , William J. Buchanan

Ransomware represents a pervasive threat, traditionally countered at the operating system, file-system, or network levels. However, these approaches often introduce significant overhead and remain susceptible to circumvention by attackers.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Nicolas Reategui , Roman Pletka , Dionysios Diamantopoulos