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Non-potential magnetic energy promptly released in solar flares is converted to other forms of energy. This may include nonthermal energy of flare-accelerated particles, thermal energy of heated flaring plasma, and kinetic energy of…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-09 Gregory D. Fleishman , Lucia Kleint , Galina G. Motorina , Gelu M. Nita , Eduard P. Kontar

In solar flares, energy is released impulsively and is partly converted into thermal energy of hot plasmas and kinetic energy of accelerated nonthermal particles. Despite numerous efforts, no consensus on quantifying this energy balance has…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-01-04 Alexander Warmuth , Gottfried Mann

The energy of the thermal flare plasma and the kinetic energy of the non-thermal electrons in 14 hard X-ray peaks from 9 medium-sized solar flares have been determined from RHESSI observations. The emissions have been carefully separated in…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Pascal Saint-Hilaire , Arnold O. Benz

Solar flares are driven by release of the free magnetic energy and its conversion to other forms of energy -- kinetic, thermal, and nonthermal. Quantification of partitions between these energy components and their evolution is needed to…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-08-02 Gregory D. Fleishman , Gelu M. Nita , Galina G. Motorina

In this paper, the energy budgets of two single-loop like flares observed in X- ray are analysed under the assumption that non-thermal electrons (NTEs) are the only source of plasma heating during all phases of both events. The flares were…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-06-19 R. Falewicz

Recently, a number of peculiar flares have been reported, which demonstrate significant non-thermal particle signatures with a low, if any, thermal emission, that implies close association of the observed emission with the primary energy…

The impulsive phase of a solar flare is known to generate strong turbulence and to transfer magnetic energy into accelerated electrons. Recognizing the importance of angular diffusion on the dynamics of the accelerated electrons, we extend…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-03-30 A. Gordon Emslie , Eduard P. Kontar

In this paper we analyze the energy budgets of two single-loop solar flares under the assumption that non-thermal electrons are the only source of plasma heating during all phases of both events. The flares were observed by the Ramaty High…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2011-05-05 R. Falewicz , M. Siarkowski , P. Rudawy

A subclass of early impulsive solar flares, cold flares, was proposed to represent a clean case, where the release of the free magnetic energy (almost) entirely goes to acceleration of the nonthermal electrons, while the observed thermal…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-08-27 Gregory D. Fleishman , Galina G. Motorina , Sijie Yu , Gelu M. Nita

During solar flares, a large fraction of the released magnetic energy is carried by energetic electrons that transfer and deposit energy in the Sun's atmosphere. Electron transport is often approximated by a cold thick-target model (CTTM),…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-08-09 Natasha L. S. Jeffrey , Eduard P. Kontar , Lyndsay Fletcher

The disparate nature of thermal-nonthermal energy partition during flares, particularly during weak flares, is still an open issue. Following the Neupert effect, quantifying the relative yield of X-ray emission in different energy bands can…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-02-06 Arun Kumar Awasthi , Tomasz Mrozek , Sylwester Kołomański , Michalina Litwicka , Marek Stęślicki , Karol Kułaga

Extending previous studies of nonthermal electron transport in solar flares which include the effects of collisional energy diffusion and thermalization of fast electrons, we present an analytic method to infer more accurate estimates of…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-08-19 E. P. Kontar , N. L. S. Jeffrey , A. G. Emslie , N. H. Bian

In some flares the thermal component appears much earlier than the nonthermal component in X-ray range. Using sensitive microwave observations we revisit this finding made by Battaglia et al. (2009) based on RHESSI data analysis. We have…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-11 Alexander A. Altyntsev , Gregory D. Fleishman , Sergey V. Lesovoi , Natalia S. Meshalkina

Solar flares are powered by energy stored in the coronal magnetic field, a portion of which is released when the field reconfigures into a lower energy state. Investigation of sunspot magnetic field topology during flare activity is useful…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-03-10 Sophie A. Murray , D. Shaun Bloomfield , Peter T. Gallagher

Understanding nonthermal particle generation, transport, and escape in solar flares requires detailed quantification of the particle evolution in the realistic 3D domain where the flare takes place. Rather surprisingly, apart of standard…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-05-23 Gregory D. Fleishman , Gelu M. Nita , Natsuha Kuroda , Sabina Jia , Kevin Tong , Richard R. Wen , Zhou Zhizhuo

We present the study of SOL2015-03-15 M1.2 flare, revealing acceleration of electrons and plasma heating in the sheared twisted magnetic structure in the polarity inversion line (PIL). The scope is to make the analysis of nonthermal…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-09-19 I. N. Sharykin , I. V. Zimovets , I. I. Myshyakov , N. S. Meshalkina

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma turbulence is believed to play a vital role in the production of energetic electrons during solar flares and the non-thermal broadening of spectral lines is a key sign of this turbulence. Here, we determine…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-12-22 Morgan Stores , Natasha L. S. Jeffrey , Eduard P. Kontar

A primary characteristic of solar flares is the efficient acceleration of electrons to nonthermal deka-keV energies. While hard X-Ray (HXR) observation of bremsstrahlung emission serves as the key diagnostic of these electrons. In this…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-06-11 Debesh Bhattacharjee , Eduard P. Kontar , Yingjie Luo

This paper presents a solely thermal flare, which we detected in the microwave range from the thermal gyro- and free-free emission it produced. An advantage of analyzing thermal gyro emission is its unique ability to precisely yield the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Gregory D. Fleishman , Gelu M. Nita , Dale E. Gary

The transport of the energy contained in electrons, both thermal and suprathermal, in solar flares plays a key role in our understanding of many aspects of the flare phenomenon, from the spatial distribution of hard X-ray emission to global…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-06-22 Nicolas H. Bian , Eduard P. Kontar , A. Gordon Emslie
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