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The efficiency of decentralized book systems like Bitcoin and Ethereum has always been a challenge. It is usually measured by three major factors: scalability, throughput, and latency. Scalability refers to how the system capacity is…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2019-03-11 Nate Zou , Eric Li , Henry Zhang

Sharding has emerged as a critical solution to address the scalability challenges faced by blockchain networks, enabling them to achieve higher transaction throughput, reduced latency, and optimized resource usage. This paper investigates…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Ziwei Wang , Cong Wu , Paolo Tasca

We develop a model of coordination and allocation of decentralized multi-sided markets, in which our theoretical analysis is promisingly optimizing the decentralized transaction packaging process at high-throughput blockchains or Web 3.0…

综合经济学 · 经济学 2023-01-27 Yuxuan Lu , Qian Qi , Xi Chen

Existing blockchain systems scale poorly because of their distributed consensus protocols. Current attempts at improving blockchain scalability are limited to cryptocurrency. Scaling blockchain systems under general workloads (i.e.,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2019-03-13 Hung Dang , Tien Tuan Anh Dinh , Dumitrel Loghin , Ee-Chien Chang , Qian Lin , Beng Chin Ooi

Blockchain technology, while revolutionary in enabling decentralized transactions, faces scalability challenges as the ledger must be replicated across all nodes of the chain, limiting throughput and efficiency. Sharding, which divides the…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-05-09 Björn Assmann , Samuel J. Burri

Blockchain sharding has emerged as a promising solution to the scalability challenges in traditional blockchain systems by partitioning the network into smaller, manageable subsets called shards. Despite its potential, existing sharding…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Ao Liu , Jing Chen , Kun He , Ruiying Du , Jiahua Xu , Cong Wu , Yebo Feng , Teng Li , Jianfeng Ma

With the rise of digital currency systems that rely on blockchain to ensure ledger security, the ability to perform cross-chain transactions is becoming a crucial interoperability requirement. Such transactions allow not only funds to be…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-01-18 Rongjian Lan , Ganesha Upadhyaya , Stephen Tse , Mahdi Zamani

Modern distributed data management systems face a new challenge: how can autonomous, mutually-distrusting parties cooperate safely and effectively? Addressing this challenge brings up questions familiar from classical distributed systems:…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2019-10-16 Maurice Herlihy , Barbara Liskov , Liuba Shrira

Sharding is a prominent technique for scaling blockchains. By dividing the network into smaller components known as shards, a sharded blockchain can process transactions in parallel without introducing inconsistencies through the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-09-12 Jianting Zhang , Wuhui Chen , Sifu Luo , Tiantian Gong , Zicong Hong , Aniket Kate

Decentralized cryptocurrency exchanges offer compelling security benefits over centralized exchanges: users control their funds and avoid the risk of an exchange hack or malicious operator. However, because user assets are fully accessible…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-06-22 Robert Annessi , Ethan Fast

Although blockchain, the supporting technology of various cryptocurrencies, has offered a potentially effective framework for numerous decentralized trust management systems, its performance is still sub-optimal in real-world networks. With…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2022-04-05 Canran Wang , Netanel Raviv

Transaction throughput, confirmation latency and confirmation reliability are fundamental performance measures of any blockchain system in addition to its security. In a decentralized setting, these measures are limited by two underlying…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-10-03 Vivek Bagaria , Sreeram Kannan , David Tse , Giulia Fanti , Pramod Viswanath

Sharding has shown great potential to scale out blockchains. It divides nodes into smaller groups which allow for partial transaction processing, relaying and storage. Hence, instead of running one blockchain, we will run multiple…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2022-10-11 Pourya Soltani , Farid Ashtiani

The state-of-the-art HotStuff operates an efficient pipeline in which a stable leader drives decisions with linear communication and two round-trips of message. However, the unifying proposing-voting pattern is not sufficient to improve the…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2023-03-22 Taining Cheng

We present and validate a novel mathematical model of the blockchain mining process and use it to conduct an economic evaluation of the double-spend attack, which is fundamental to all blockchain systems. Our analysis focuses on the value…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-11-22 George Bissias , Brian Neil Levine , A. Pinar Ozisik , Gavin Andresen

Blockchain performance has historically faced challenges posed by the throughput limitations of consensus algorithms. Recent breakthroughs in research have successfully alleviated these constraints by introducing a modular architecture that…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Ray Neiheiser , Arman Babaei , Giannis Alexopoulos , Marios Kogias , Eleftherios Kokoris Kogias

Ethereum clients execute transactions in a sequential order prescribed by the consensus protocol. This is a safe and conservative approach to blockchain transaction processing which forgoes running transactions in parallel even when doing…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2019-01-31 Nadi Sarrar

Blockchain systems come with the promise of being inclusive for a variety of decentralized applications (DApps) that can serve different purposes and have different urgency requirements. Despite this, the transaction fee mechanisms…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2023-04-13 Aggelos Kiayias , Elias Koutsoupias , Philip Lazos , Giorgos Panagiotakos

Public blockchains are decentralized networks where each participating node executes the same decision-making process. This form of decentralization does not scale well because the same data are stored on each network node, and because all…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2022-06-30 M. Toulouse , H. K. Dai , Q. L. Nguyen

A promising way to overcome the scalability limitations of the current blockchain is to use sharding, which is to split the transaction processing among multiple, smaller groups of nodes. A well-performed blockchain sharding system requires…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Mingzhe Li , You Lin , Wei Wang , Jin Zhang