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Optical beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence undergo spatiotemporal intensity fluctuations that deviate significantly from an ideal Gaussian profile. In this work, we present a unified theoretical and experimental framework for…

光学 · 物理学 2026-03-10 Shouvik Sadhukhan , C. S. Narayanamurthy

Classical communication over lossy quantum channels is an essential topic in quantum information theory, with practical implications for optical-fiber and free-space communications. Multi-phase Hadamard codes, based on coherent-state Binary…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-02-10 Farzad Kianvash , Matteo Rosati

Optical communication is an integral part of the modern economy, having all but replaced electronic communication systems. Future growth in bandwidth appears to be on the horizon using structured light, encoding information into the spatial…

Vector modes are spatial modes that have spatially inhomogeneous states of polarization, such as, radial and azimuthal polarization. They can produce smaller spot sizes and stronger longitudinal polarization components upon focusing. As a…

Multiple-degrees-of-freedom free-space communication combining polarization and high-order spatial modes promises high-capacity communication channel. While high-order spatial modes have been widely exploited for dense coding and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-03-17 Ling Ji , Ai-Lin Yang , Xiao-Feng Lin , Xian-Min Jin

Atmospheric turbulence is the main barrier to large-scale free-space quantum communication networks. Aberrations distort optical information carriers, thus limiting or preventing the possibility of establishing a secure link between two…

Vector beams are inhomogeneously polarized optical fields with nonseparable, quantum-like correlations between their polarisation and spatial components, and hold tremendous promise for classical and quantum communication across various…

Acoustic communication is indispensable for underwater networks, deep ocean exploration, and biological monitoring, environments where electromagnetic waves become impractical. However, unlike the latter, whose vector polarization naturally…

应用物理 · 物理学 2025-08-06 Lei Liu , Xiujuan Zhang , Ming-Hui Lu , Yan-Feng Chen

Underwater quantum communication has recently been explored using polarization and orbital angular momentum. Here, we show that spatially structured modes, e.g., a coherent superposition of beams carrying both polarization and orbital…

The free-space optical channel has the potential to facilitate inexpensive, wireless communication with fiber-like bandwidth under short deployment timelines. However, atmospheric effects can significantly degrade the reliability of a…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2008-04-02 Nick Letzepis , Albert Guillen i Fabregas

Vector vortex beams are structured states of light that are non-separable in their polarisation and spatial mode, they are eigenmodes of free-space and many fibre systems, and have the capacity to be used as a modal basis for both classical…

We continue our work on developing techniques for studying turbulence with spectroscopic data. We show that Doppler-broadened absorption spectral lines, in particularly, saturated absorption lines, can be used within the framework of the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 A. Lazarian , D. Pogosyan

In recent years, free space optical (FSO) communication has gained significant importance owing to its unique features: large bandwidth, license free spectrum, high data rate, easy and quick deployability, less power and low mass…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2015-06-17 Hemani Kaushal , Georges Kaddoum

Atmospheric turbulence severely limits the coupling of received optical wavefronts into single-mode fibers in satellite-to-ground free-space optical links. Spatial demultiplexing receivers address this challenge by distributing the incoming…

光学 · 物理学 2026-03-20 Nicolas Barré

In this article, we propose an index modulation system suitable for optical communications, where the intensity of the light is modulated along the time, space and frequency dimensions, building a Frequency-Hopping Spatial Multi-Pulse…

This work investigates spatial-mode multiplexing (SMM) for practical free-space optical communication (FSO) systems using direct detection. Unlike several works in the literature where mutually incoherent channels are assumed, we consider…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2018-01-22 Shenjie Huang , Gilda Raoof Mehrpoor , Majid Safari

Quantum communication has been successfully implemented in optical fibres and through free-space [1-3]. Fibre systems, though capable of fast key rates and low quantum bit error rates (QBERs), are impractical in communicating with…

The transverse spatial modes of light offer a large state-space with interesting physical properties. For exploiting it in future long-distance experiments, spatial modes will have to be transmitted over turbulent free-space links. Numerous…

Atmospheric turbulence characterization is crucial for technologies like free-space optical communications. Existing methods using a spatially-integrated one-dimensional (1D) orbital angular momentum (OAM) spectrum, P(m), obscure the…

光学 · 物理学 2025-09-09 Wenjie Jiang , Mingjian Cheng , Lixin Guo , Andrew Forbes

Coherent detection can provide enhanced receiver sensitivity and spectral efficiency in free-space optical (FSO) communications. However, turbulence can cause modal power coupling effects on a Gaussian data beam and significantly degrade…