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Recent successful deep reinforcement learning algorithms, such as Trust Region Policy Optimization (TRPO) or Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), are fundamentally variations of conservative policy iteration (CPI). These algorithms iterate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-27 Erinc Merdivan , Sten Hanke , Matthieu Geist

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms for real-world robotic applications need a data-efficient learning process and the ability to handle complex, unknown dynamical systems. These requirements are handled well by model-based and…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2017-06-20 Yevgen Chebotar , Karol Hausman , Marvin Zhang , Gaurav Sukhatme , Stefan Schaal , Sergey Levine

Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) is generally treated as a bi-level optimization problem that involves fitting a (probabilistic) surrogate model to a set of observed hyperparameter responses, e.g. validation loss, and consequently…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-18 Hadi S. Jomaa , Jonas Falkner , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

In reinforcement learning (RL), rewards of states are typically considered additive, and following the Markov assumption, they are $\textit{independent}$ of states visited previously. In many important applications, such as coverage…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-27 Manish Prajapat , Mojmír Mutný , Melanie N. Zeilinger , Andreas Krause

Game-theoretic resource allocation on graphs (GRAG) involves two players competing over multiple steps to control nodes of interest on a graph, a problem modeled as a multi-step Colonel Blotto Game (MCBG). Finding optimal strategies is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Zijian An , Lifeng Zhou

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising method to solve control problems. However, model-free RL algorithms are sample inefficient and require thousands if not millions of samples to learn optimal control policies. A major source of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-31 Atish Dixit , Ahmed Elsheikh

Recent advancements in post-training methodologies for large language models (LLMs) have highlighted reinforcement learning (RL) as a critical component for enhancing reasoning. However, the substantial computational costs associated with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Songjun Tu , Jiahao Lin , Xiangyu Tian , Qichao Zhang , Linjing Li , Yuqian Fu , Nan Xu , Wei He , Xiangyuan Lan , Dongmei Jiang , Dongbin Zhao

As representation learning becomes a powerful technique to reduce sample complexity in reinforcement learning (RL) in practice, theoretical understanding of its advantage is still limited. In this paper, we theoretically characterize the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-14 Yuan Cheng , Songtao Feng , Jing Yang , Hong Zhang , Yingbin Liang

Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) methods are succeeding in a growing number of tasks, aided by recent advances in deep learning. However, they tend to suffer from high sample complexity, which hinders their use in real-world domains.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-10-08 Thanard Kurutach , Ignasi Clavera , Yan Duan , Aviv Tamar , Pieter Abbeel

This work shows that value-aware model learning, known for its numerous theoretical benefits, is also practically viable for solving challenging continuous control tasks in prevalent model-based reinforcement learning algorithms. First, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-31 Nirbhay Modhe , Harish Kamath , Dhruv Batra , Ashwin Kalyan

Large reasoning models that use long chain-of-thought excel at problem-solving yet waste compute on redundant checks. Curbing this overthinking is hard: training-time length penalties can cripple ability, while inference-time early-exit…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Benteng Chen , Weida Wang , Shufei Zhang , Mingbao Lin , Min Zhang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) can directly enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models without extensive reliance on Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT). In this work, we revisit the traditional Policy Gradient (PG) mechanism and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Xiangxiang Chu , Hailang Huang , Xiao Zhang , Fei Wei , Yong Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in solving complex mathematical problems, yet they still fall short of producing accurate and consistent solutions. Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a framework for aligning these models with…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Ali Hatamizadeh , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Igor Gitman , Ximing Lu , Seungju Han , Wei Ping , Yejin Choi , Jan Kautz

Reinforcement learning is widely used to improve the reasoning ability of large language models, especially when answers can be automatically checked. Standard GRPO-style training updates the model using only the current step, while full…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Ismam Nur Swapnil , Aranya Saha , Tanvir Ahmed Khan , Mohammad Ariful Haque , Ser-Nam Lim

We study the problem of model-free reinforcement learning, which is often solved following the principle of Generalized Policy Iteration (GPI). While GPI is typically an interplay between policy evaluation and policy improvement, most…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-28 Changnan Xiao , Haosen Shi , Jiajun Fan , Shihong Deng , Haiyan Yin

Multi-turn reasoning agents solve complex questions by decomposing them into intermediate retrieval or tool-use steps, for accumulating supporting evidence across turns. Meanwhile, with reinforcement learning (RL), training these agents…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Hojae Han , Heeyun Jung , Jongyoon Kim , Seung-won Hwang

High-fidelity simulation models are widely used to analyze complex stochastic systems, but their high computational cost motivates the development of cheaper surrogate models that approximate the simulation model's input-output…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-05-28 Mohammadmahdi Ghasemloo , David J. Eckman , Yaxian Li

Multi-turn tool calling is challenging for Large Language Models (LLMs) because rewards are sparse and exploration is expensive. A common recipe, SFT followed by GRPO, can stall when within-group reward variation is low (e.g., more rollouts…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Haitian Zhong , Jixiu Zhai , Lei Song , Jiang Bian , Qiang Liu , Tieniu Tan

This paper addresses the problem of model-free reinforcement learning for Robust Markov Decision Process (RMDP) with large state spaces. The goal of the RMDP framework is to find a policy that is robust against the parameter uncertainties…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-15 Kishan Panaganti , Dileep Kalathil

We present a two-step hybrid reinforcement learning (RL) policy that is designed to generate interpretable and robust hierarchical policies on the RL problem with graph-based input. Unlike prior deep reinforcement learning policies…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-20 Tongzhou Mu , Kaixiang Lin , Feiyang Niu , Govind Thattai