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Prompting has emerged as the dominant paradigm for adapting large, pre-trained transformer-based models to downstream tasks. The Prompting Decision Transformer (PDT) enables large-scale, multi-task offline Reinforcement Learning (RL)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Finn Rietz , Oleg Smirnov , Sara Karimi , Lele Cao

Mutation testing is a powerful technique for assessing and improving test suite quality that artificially introduces bugs and checks whether the test suites catch them. However, it is also computationally expensive and thus does not scale…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Kush Jain , Uri Alon , Alex Groce , Claire Le Goues

An oracle is a mechanism to decide whether the outputs of the program for the executed test cases are correct. For machine learning programs, such oracle is not available or too difficult to apply. Metamorphic testing is a testing approach…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-09-02 Madhusudan Srinivasan , Upulee Kanewala

Contextual bandit algorithms are increasingly replacing non-adaptive A/B tests in e-commerce, healthcare, and policymaking because they can both improve outcomes for study participants and increase the chance of identifying good or even…

Metamorphic testing is a widely used methodology that examines an expected relation between pairs of executions to automatically find bugs, such as correctness bugs. We found that code coverage cannot accurately measure the extent to which…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-08-25 Jinsheng Ba , Yuancheng Jiang , Manuel Rigger

Large language models are able to learn new tasks in context, where they are provided with instructions and a few annotated examples. However, the effectiveness of in-context learning is dependent on the provided context, and the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-25 Afra Amini , Massimiliano Ciaramita

Matrices often represent important information in scientific applications and are involved in performing complex calculations. But systematically testing these applications is hard due to the oracle problem. Metamorphic testing is an…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2018-02-21 Karishma Rahman , Upulee Kanewala

Metamorphic testing (MT) is a simple yet effective technique to alleviate the oracle problem in software testing. The underlying idea of MT is to test a software system by checking whether metamorphic relations (MRs) hold among multiple…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 An Fu , Chang-ai Sun , Jiaming Zhang , Huai Liu

A sequential decision process in which an adaptive radar system repeatedly interacts with a finite-state target channel is studied. The radar is capable of passively sensing the spectrum at regular intervals, which provides side information…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2021-10-15 Charles E. Thornton , R. Michael Buehrer , Anthony F. Martone

In-context system identification aims at constructing meta-models to describe classes of systems, differently from traditional approaches that model single systems. This paradigm facilitates the leveraging of knowledge acquired from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-08 Dario Piga , Filippo Pura , Marco Forgione

This paper presents a concise review of Contextual Multi-Armed Bandit (CMAB) methods and introduces an experimental framework for scalable, interpretable offer selection, addressing the challenge of fast-changing offers. The approach models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Nikola Tankovic , Robert Sajina

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful capability of large language models (LLMs), enabling them to perform new tasks based on a few provided examples without explicit fine-tuning. Despite their impressive adaptability, these…

Metamorphic testing is a well known approach to tackle the oracle problem in software testing. This technique requires the use of source test cases that serve as seeds for the generation of follow-up test cases. Systematic design of test…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2018-02-22 Prashanta Saha , Upulee Kanewala

Virtual support agents have grown in popularity as a way for businesses to provide better and more accessible customer service. Some challenges in this domain include ambiguous user queries as well as changing support topics and user…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-07 Sandra Sajeev , Jade Huang , Nikos Karampatziakis , Matthew Hall , Sebastian Kochman , Weizhu Chen

Faults are endemic to all systems. Adaptive fault-tolerant control maintains degraded performance when faults occur as opposed to unsafe conditions or catastrophic events. In systems with abrupt faults and strict time constraints, it is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-14 Ibrahim Ahmed , Marcos Quinones-Grueiro , Gautam Biswas

We design and implement an adaptive experiment (a ``contextual bandit'') to learn a targeted treatment assignment policy, where the goal is to use a participant's survey responses to determine which charity to expose them to in a donation…

Metamorphic testing has become one mainstream technique to address the notorious oracle problem in software testing, thanks to its great successes in revealing real-life bugs in a wide variety of software systems. Metamorphic relations, the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Rui Li , Huai Liu , Pak-Lok Poon , Dave Towey , Chang-Ai Sun , Zheng Zheng , Zhi Quan Zhou , Tsong Yueh Chen

In-context learning enables transformer models to generalize to new tasks based solely on input prompts, without any need for weight updates. However, existing training paradigms typically rely on large, unstructured datasets that are…

Contextual bandits have become popular as they offer a middle ground between very simple approaches based on multi-armed bandits and very complex approaches using the full power of reinforcement learning. They have demonstrated success in…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2017-11-13 Kristjan Greenewald , Ambuj Tewari , Predrag Klasnja , Susan Murphy

In recent years, reinforcement learning and bandits have transformed a wide range of real-world applications including healthcare, finance, recommendation systems, robotics, and last but not least, the speech and natural language…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-20 Baihan Lin