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Scene graph generation (SGG) is a sophisticated task that suffers from both complex visual features and dataset long-tail problem. Recently, various unbiased strategies have been proposed by designing novel loss functions and data balancing…

How do we communicate with others to achieve our goals? We use our prior experience or advice from others, or construct a candidate utterance by predicting how it will be received. However, our experiences are limited and biased, and…

Segmentation is an essential operation of image processing. The convolution operation suffers from a limited receptive field, while global modelling is fundamental to segmentation tasks. In this paper, we apply graph convolution into the…

Graph-based RAG constructs a knowledge graph (KG) from text chunks to enhance retrieval in Large Language Model (LLM)-based question answering. It is especially beneficial in domains such as biomedicine, law, and political science, where…

Data augmentation is necessary for graph representation learning due to the scarcity and noise present in graph data. Most of the existing augmentation methods overlook the context information inherited from the dataset as they rely solely…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown a high capability in answering questions on a diverse range of topics. However, these models sometimes produce biased, ideologized or incorrect responses, limiting their applications if there is no…

The performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) is intrinsically linked to the quality of its training data. Although several studies have proposed methods for high-quality data selection, they do not consider the importance of knowledge…

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and GPT-4, are versatile and can solve different tasks due to their emergent ability and generalizability. However, LLMs sometimes lack domain-specific knowledge to perform tasks, which would…

Knowledge gaps and hallucinations are persistent challenges for Large Language Models (LLMs), which generate unreliable responses when lacking the necessary information to fulfill user instructions. Existing approaches, such as…

Publicly available, large pretrained LanguageModels (LMs) generate text with remarkable quality, but only sequentially from left to right. As a result, they are not immediately applicable to generation tasks that break the unidirectional…

Ontology-based knowledge graphs (KG) are desirable for effective knowledge management and reuse in various decision making scenarios, including design. Creating and populating extensive KG based on specific ontological models can be highly…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across diverse NLP applications, such as translation, text generation, and question answering. Nevertheless, they remain limited in complex settings that demand deep…

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in question answering and reasoning thanks to their extensive parametric memory. However, their knowledge is inherently limited by the scope of their pre-training data, while…

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have gained much attention for the emergence of human-comparable capabilities and huge potential. However, for open-domain implicit question-answering problems, LLMs may not be the ultimate solution…

As a fundamental task in machine learning, text classification plays a crucial role in many areas. With the rapid scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly through reinforcement learning (RL), there is a growing need for more…

Initiated by the University Consortium of Geographic Information Science (UCGIS), GIS&T Body of Knowledge (BoK) is a community-driven endeavor to define, develop, and document geospatial topics related to geographic information science and…

While large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in processing and reasoning over knowledge graphs, current methods suffer from a high non-retrieval rate. This limitation reduces the accuracy of answering questions based on…

Concept bottleneck models (CBMs) are inherently interpretable models that make predictions based on human-understandable visual cues, referred to as concepts. As obtaining dense concept annotations with human labeling is demanding and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently lack domain-specific knowledge and even fine-tuned models tend to hallucinate. Hence, more reliable models that can include external knowledge are needed. We present a pipeline, 4StepFocus, and…

Semantic parsing, as an important approach to question answering over knowledge bases (KBQA), transforms a question into the complete query graph for further generating the correct logical query. Existing semantic parsing approaches mainly…