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Direct imaging is the primary technique currently used to detect young and warm exoplanets and understand their formation scenarios. The extreme flux ratio between an exoplanet and its host star requires the use of coronagraphs to attenuate…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2023-06-01 Axel Potier , Zahed Wahhaj , Raphael Galicher , Johan Mazoyer , Pierre Baudoz , Gael Chauvin , Garreth Ruane

We report near-infrared measurements of the terminator region transmission spectrum and dayside emission spectrum of the exoplanet WASP-12b obtained using the HST WFC3 instrument. The disk-average dayside brightness temperature averages…

We have entered the era of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We use the first JWST transmission spectrum of the hot Saturn-mass exoplanet, WASP-39 b, obtained with the NIRSpec instrument in the 3-5 $\mu$m range to investigate (a) what…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-02-08 Savvas Constantinou , Nikku Madhusudhan , Siddharth Gandhi

Photoevaporation in exoplanet atmospheres is thought to contribute to the shaping of the small planet radius valley. Escaping atmospheres have been detected in transmission across a variety of exoplanet types, from hot Jupiters to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-01-13 Riley Rosener , Michael Zhang , Jacob L. Bean

High quality, repeatable point-spread functions are important for science cases like direct exoplanet imaging, high-precision astrometry, and high-resolution spectroscopy of exoplanets. For such demanding applications, the initial on-sky…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2021-07-19 Steven P. Bos , Michael Bottom , Sam Ragland , Jacques-Robert Delorme , Sylvain Cetre , Laurent Pueyo

The inconsistency between experiments in the measurements of the local Universe expansion rate, the Hubble constant, suggests unknown systematics in the existing experiments or new physics. Gravitational-wave standard sirens, a method to…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2024-10-10 Alberto Salvarese , Hsin-Yu Chen

Since its launch in 2013, the Gaia space telescope has provided precise measurements of the positions and magnitudes of over 1 billion stars. This has enabled extensive searches for stellar and sub-stellar companions through astrometric and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-12-11 A. L. Wallace

We present the transmission spectrum of the inflated hot-Jupiter WASP-17 b, observed with the STIS and WFC3 instruments aboard the Hubble Space Telescope, allowing for a continuous wavelength coverage from ~0.4 to ~1.7 um. Observations…

The consortium of the Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch installed at the Very Large Telescope (SPHERE/VLT) has been operating its guaranteed observation time (260 nights over five years) since February 2015. The main…

Inferences of molecular compositions of exoplanetary atmospheres have generally focused on C, H, and O-bearing molecules. Recently, additional absorption in HST WFC3 transmission spectra around 1.55$\mu$m has been attributed to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-11-20 Ryan J. MacDonald , Nikku Madhusudhan

Thanks to the advances in modern instrumentation we have learned about many exoplanets that span a wide range of masses and composition. Studying their atmospheres provides insight into planetary origin, evolution, dynamics, and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-09-18 D. Shulyak , M. Rengel , A. Reiners , U. Seemann , F. Yan

Owing to technological advances, the number of exoplanets discovered has risen dramatically in the last few years. However, when trying to observe Earth analogs, it is often difficult to test the veracity of detection. We have developed a…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-04-06 Sahil Agarwal , Fabio Del Sordo , John S. Wettlaufer

We present the results of a photometric search for variable stars in the core of the Galactic globular cluster M4. The input data are a large and unprecedented set of deep Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 images (large program GO-12911; 120…

JWST$'$s large aperture and wide wavelength coverage will enable it to collect the highest quality transit spectra observed so far. For exoplanetary atmospheres we expect to retrieve the abundance of the most abundant molecules, such as…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-12-20 Dong Wang , Yamila Miguel , Jonathan Lunine

An important evolutionary pathway for planetary atmospheres is escape to space, which has been studied on Earth and Mars for several decades and more recently in exoplanets. A particularly important regime is the hydrodynamic escape,…

Upcoming surveys such as Euclid, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) and the Nancy Grace Roman Telescope (Roman) will detect hundreds of high-redshift (z > 7) quasars, but distinguishing them from the…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2025-07-31 Lena Lenz , Daniel J. Mortlock , Boris Leistedt , Rhys Barnett , Paul C. Hewett

The Hubble Deep Field (HDF) is a Director's Discretionary program on HST in Cycle 5 to image an undistinguished field at high Galactic latitude in four passbands as deeply as reasonably possible. These images provide the most detailed view…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-28 Robert E. Williams , the HDF team

Although Neptunian-sized (2 - 5 R$_{Earth}$) planets appear to be extremely common in the Galaxy, many mysteries remain about their overall nature. To date, only 11 Neptunian-sized planets have had their atmospheres spectroscopically…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-09 Matthew M. Murphy , Thomas G. Beatty , Luis Welbanks , Guangwei Fu

The identification of molecules in exoplanetary atmospheres is only possible thanks to the availability of high-resolution molecular spectroscopic data. However, due to its intensive and time-consuming generation process, at present, only…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-07-12 Juan C. Zapata Trujillo , Maria M. Pettyjohn , Laura K. McKemmish