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This work proposes a perception system for autonomous vehicles and advanced driver assistance specialized on unpaved roads and off-road environments. In this research, the authors have investigated the behavior of Deep Learning algorithms…

Robust road segmentation is a key challenge in self-driving research. Though many image-based methods have been studied and high performances in dataset evaluations have been reported, developing robust and reliable road segmentation is…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-05-29 Huafeng Liu , Yazhou Yao , Zeren Sun , Xiangrui Li , Ke Jia , Zhenmin Tang

Lane detection plays an important role in a self-driving vehicle. Several studies leverage a semantic segmentation network to extract robust lane features, but few of them can distinguish different types of lanes. In this paper, we focus on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-07-23 Shao-Yuan Lo , Hsueh-Ming Hang , Sheng-Wei Chan , Jing-Jhih Lin

Detecting test-time distribution shift has emerged as a key capability for safely deployed machine learning models, with the question being tackled under various guises in recent years. In this paper, we aim to provide a consolidated view…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-02 Hongjun Wang , Sagar Vaze , Kai Han

In recent years, deep neural networks have defined the state-of-the-art in semantic segmentation where their predictions are constrained to a predefined set of semantic classes. They are to be deployed in applications such as automated…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Kira Maag , Tobias Riedlinger

Semantic segmentation is an important task for scene understanding in self-driving cars and robotics, which aims to assign dense labels for all pixels in the image. Existing work typically improves semantic segmentation performance by…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-11-03 Li Wang , Dong Li , Han Liu , Jinzhang Peng , Lu Tian , Yi Shan

There has been a remarkable progress in the accuracy of semantic segmentation due to the capabilities of deep learning. Unfortunately, these methods are not able to generalize much further than the distribution of their training data and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-09-04 David Haldimann , Hermann Blum , Roland Siegwart , Cesar Cadena

Road segmentation in challenging domains, such as night, snow or rain, is a difficult task. Most current approaches boost performance using fine-tuning, domain adaptation, style transfer, or by referencing previously acquired imagery. These…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-05-30 Connor Malone , Sourav Garg , Ming Xu , Thierry Peynot , Michael Milford

Both object detection in and semantic segmentation of camera images are important tasks for automated vehicles. Object detection is necessary so that the planning and behavior modules can reason about other road users. Semantic segmentation…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-02-14 Niels Ole Salscheider

Open-set semi-supervised object detection (OSSOD) task leverages practical open-set unlabeled datasets that comprise both in-distribution (ID) and out-of-distribution (OOD) instances for conducting semi-supervised object detection (SSOD).…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-25 Zerun Wang , Ling Xiao , Liuyu Xiang , Zhaotian Weng , Toshihiko Yamasaki

Safe autonomous systems in complex environments require robust road anomaly segmentation to identify unknown obstacles. However, existing approaches often rely on pixel-level statistics to determine whether a region appears anomalous. This…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Zhuolin He , Jiacheng Tang , Jian Pu , Xiangyang Xue

In this work, a deep learning approach has been developed to carry out road detection using only LIDAR data. Starting from an unstructured point cloud, top-view images encoding several basic statistics such as mean elevation and density are…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2017-03-30 Luca Caltagirone , Samuel Scheidegger , Lennart Svensson , Mattias Wahde

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have demonstrated significant success in interpreting Large Language Models (LLMs) by decomposing dense representations into sparse, semantic components. However, their potential for analyzing Vision Transformers…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Ahyoung Oh , Wonseok Shin , Songkuk Kim

We introduce powerful ideas from Hyperdimensional Computing into the challenging field of Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection. In contrast to most existing work that performs OOD detection based on only a single layer of a neural network,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-08-31 Samuel Wilson , Tobias Fischer , Niko Sünderhauf , Feras Dayoub

Deep neural networks have shown outstanding performance in computer vision tasks such as semantic segmentation and have defined the state-of-the-art. However, these segmentation models are trained on a closed and predefined set of semantic…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Samuel Marschall , Kira Maag

Recent white-box OOD detection methods for LLMs -- including CED, RAUQ, and WildGuard confidence scores -- appear effective, but we show they are structurally confounded by sequence length (|r| >= 0.61) and collapse to near-chance under…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Hamidreza Saghir

Unsupervised outlier detection, which predicts if a test sample is an outlier or not using only the information from unlabelled inlier data, is an important but challenging task. Recently, methods based on the two-stage framework achieve…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-05-20 Zhisheng Xiao , Qing Yan , Yali Amit

Outlier detection and concept drift detection represent two challenges in data analysis. Most studies address these issues separately. However, joint detection mechanisms in regression remain underexplored, where the continuous nature of…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-12-16 Bingbing Wang , Shengyan Sun , Jiaqi Wang , Yu Tang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a task that detects OOD samples during inference to ensure the safety of deployed models. However, conventional benchmarks have reached performance saturation, making it difficult to compare recent OOD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Shiho Noda , Atsuyuki Miyai , Qing Yu , Go Irie , Kiyoharu Aizawa

When deployed for risk-sensitive tasks, deep neural networks must be able to detect instances with labels from outside the distribution for which they were trained. In this paper we present a novel framework to benchmark the ability of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-24 Ido Galil , Mohammed Dabbah , Ran El-Yaniv