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We construct an X-ray spectral model for the clumpy torus in an active galactic nucleus (AGN) using Geant4, which includes the physical processes of the photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, Rayleigh scattering, $\gamma$ conversion,…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-06-19 Yuan Liu , Xiaobo Li

We apply XCLUMPY, an X-ray spectral model from a clumpy torus in an active galactic nucleus (AGN), to the broadband X-ray spectra of 10 obscured AGNs observed with both Suzaku and NuSTAR. The infrared spectra of these AGNs were analyzed…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2020-07-08 Atsushi Tanimoto , Yoshihiro Ueda , Hirokazu Odaka , Shoji Ogawa , Satoshi Yamada , Toshihiro Kawaguchi , Kohei Ichikawa

We construct an X-ray spectral model from the clumpy torus in an active galactic nucleus (AGN), designated as "XCLUMPY", utilizing the Monte Carlo simulation for Astrophysics and Cosmology framework (MONACO: Odaka et al. 2011, 2016). The…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2020-01-08 Atsushi Tanimoto , Yoshihiro Ueda , Hirokazu Odaka , Toshihiro Kawaguchi , Yasushi Fukazawa , Taiki Kawamuro

We construct an X-ray spectral model of reprocessing by a torus in an active galactic nucleus (AGN) with a Monte Carlo simulation framework MONACO. Two torus geometries of smooth and clumpy cases are considered and compared. In order to…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2016-03-09 Shun'ya Furui , Yasushi Fukazawa , Hirokazu Odaka , Toshihiro Kawaguchi , Masanori Ohno , Kazuma Hayashi

Monte Carlo simulation is one of the best tools to study the complex spectra of Compton-thick AGNs and to figure out the relation between their nuclear structures and X-ray spectra. We have simulated X-ray spectra of Compton-thick AGNs…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Shinya Ikeda , Hisamitsu Awaki , Yuichi Terashima

The basic unified model of active galactic nuclei (AGN) invokes an anisotropic obscuring structure, usually referred to as a torus, to explain AGN obscuration as an angle-dependent effect. We present a new grid of X-ray spectral templates…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-02-21 M. Baloković , M. Brightman , F. A. Harrison , A. Comastri , C. Ricci , J. Buchner , P. Gandhi , D. Farrah , D. Stern

We construct a generic X-ray spectral model for the reflection component from the clumpy torus and dusty gas in the polar region (polar dusty gas) in an active galactic nucleus (AGN), designated as Inclusive spectral energy distribution…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-12-25 Kanta Fujiwara , Yoshihiro Ueda , Shoji Ogawa , Yuya Nakatani , Ryosuke Uematsu

Variable X-ray absorption has been observed in active galactic nuclei (AGN) on several time scales. Observations allow us to identify the absorber with clouds associated either with the clumpy torus (parsec scales, long timescales) or with…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-10-18 Mario Sanfrutos , Giovanni Miniutti , Michal Dovčiak , Beatriz Agís-González

We present the X-ray analysis of the most luminous obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) inside local ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). Our sample consists of ten sources, harbouring AGN components with estimated luminosity in…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-27 E. Nardini , G. Risaliti

The "torus" obscurer of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) is poorly understood in terms of its density, substructure and physical mechanisms. Large X-ray surveys provide model boundary constraints, for both Compton-thin and Compton-thick levels…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2017-01-11 Johannes Buchner , Franz E. Bauer

AGN are known to have complex X-ray spectra that depend on both the properties of the accreting SMBH (e.g. mass, accretion rate) and the distribution of obscuring material in its vicinity ("torus"). Often however, simple and even unphysical…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2014-05-08 J. Buchner , A. Georgakakis , K. Nandra , L. Hsu , C. Rangel , M. Brightman , A. Merloni , M. Salvato , J. Donley , D. Kocevski

The diffuse cosmic X-ray background (CXB) is the sum of the emission of discrete sources, mostly massive black-holes accreting matter in active galactic nuclei (AGN). The CXB spectrum differs from the integration of the spectra of…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2016-05-11 Valentino Esposito , Roland Walter

We present a detailed and self-consistent modeling of the cosmic X-ray background (XRB) based on the most up-to-date X-ray luminosity functions (XLF) and evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). The large body of observational results…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Roberto Gilli , Andrea Comastri , Guenther Hasinger

We perform a systematic X-ray spectroscopic analysis of 57 local ultra/luminous infrared galaxy systems (containing 84 individual galaxies) observed with Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array and/or Swift/BAT. Combining soft X-ray data…

We apply a new X-ray clumpy torus model called XCLUMPY (Tanimoto et al. 2019), where the clump distribution is assumed to be the same as in the infrared clumpy torus model (CLUMPY) by Nenkova et al. 2008, to the broadband X-ray spectra of…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-05-01 Shoji Ogawa , Yoshihiro Ueda , Satoshi Yamada , Atsushi Tanimoto , Toshihiro Kawaguchi

The nuclear obscurer of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) is poorly understood in terms of its origin, geometry and dynamics. We investigate whether physically motivated geometries emerging from hydro-radiative simulations can be differentiated…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2021-07-14 Johannes Buchner , Murray Brightman , Mislav Baloković , Keiichi Wada , Franz E. Bauer , Kirpal Nandra

The X-ray spectra of many active galactic nuclei (AGN) exhibit a `soft excess' below 1keV, whose physical origin remains unclear. Diverse models have been suggested to account for it, including ionised reflection of X-rays from the inner…

Finding and characterizing the population of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that produces the X-ray background (XRB) is necessary to connect the history of accretion to observations of galaxy evolution at longer wavelengths. The year 2012…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-28 D. R. Ballantyne , A. R. Draper , K. K. Madsen , J. R. Rigby , E. Treister

We present the results of a systematic, broadband X-ray spectral analysis of nearby active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with the X-ray clumpy torus model (XCLUMPY; Tanimoto et al. 2019). By adding 16 AGNs newly analyzed in this paper, we study…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2021-01-20 Shoji Ogawa , Yoshihiro Ueda , Atsushi Tanimoto , Satoshi Yamada

Reprocessed X-ray emission in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) can provide fundamental information about the circumnuclear environments of supermassive black holes. Recent mid-infrared studies have shown evidence of an extended dusty structure…

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