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We have developed a simulation model of particle acceleration in coronal shock waves. The model is based on a Monte Carlo method, where particles are traced in prescribed large-scale electromagnetic fields utilizing the guiding center…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-03-19 Markus Battarbee , Timo Laitinen , Rami Vainio , Neus Agueda

The source of high-energy protons (>500 MeV) responsible for the so-called ground level enhancements (GLEs) remains an open question in solar physics. One of the candidates is a shock wave driven by a coronal mass ejection, which is thought…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-06-15 A. Afanasiev , R. Vainio , A. P. Rouillard , M. Battarbee , A. Aran , P. Zucca

In an effort to develop computational tools for predicting radiation hazards from solar energetic particles (SEPs), we have created a data-driven physics-based particle transport model to calculate the injection, acceleration and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-06-14 Ming Zhang , Lei Cheng , Ju Zhang , Pete Riley , Ryun Young Kwon , David Lario , Laura Balmaceda , Nikolai Pogorelov

Sheaths ahead of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large heliospheric structures that form with CME expansion and propagation. Turbulent and compressed sheaths contribute to the acceleration of particles in the corona and in interplanetary…

Super-Alfv\'enic shock waves associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) can produce radio emission known as Type II bursts. In the absence of direct imaging, accurate estimates of coronal electron densities, magnetic field strengths and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-05-08 Pietro Zucca , Eoin P. Carley , D. Shaun Bloomfield , Peter T. Gallagher

The acceleration of charged particles is relevant to the solar corona over a broad range of scales and energies. High-energy particles are usually detected in concomitance with large energy release events like solar eruptions and flares,…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-02-27 S. Dalena , A. F. Rappazzo , P. Dmitruk , A. Greco , W. H. Matthaeus

Fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs) can drive shock waves capable of accelerating electrons to high energies. These shock-accelerated electrons act as sources of electromagnetic radiation, often in the form of solar radio bursts. Recent…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-16 S. Normo , D. E. Morosan , E. K. J. Kilpua , J. Pomoell

The acceleration of protons and electrons to high (sometimes GeV/nucleon) energies by solar phenomena is a key component of space weather. These solar energetic particle (SEP) events can damage spacecraft and communications, as well as…

Solar energetic particles (SEPs) accelerated from shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are one of the major causes of geomagnetic storms on Earth. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the occurrence and intensity of such…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-02-26 Anitha Ravishankar , Grzegorz Michalek

Questions regarding energy dissipation in astrophysical jets are open to date, despite of numerous attempts to limit the diversity of models. Some of the most popular models assume that energy is transferred to particles via internal…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-04-24 Patryk Pjanka , Camilia Demidem , Alexandra Veledina

In this paper, we demonstrate that CME-driven shocks can be detected in white light coronagraph images and in which properties such as the density compression ratio and shock direction can be measured. Also, their propagation direction can…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-02-11 Veronica Ontiveros , Angelos Vourlidas

We present a 2D kinematic model to study the acceleration of solar energetic particles (SEPs) at a shock driven by a coronal mass ejection. The shock is assumed to be spherical about an origin that is offset from the center of the Sun. This…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-06-27 Xiaohang Chen , Joe Giacalone , Fan Guo

Context. Some of of the most prominent sources for energetic particles in our Solar System are huge eruptions of magnetised plasma from the Sun called coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which usually drive shocks that accelerate charged…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-11-14 D. E. Morosan , J. Pomoell , A. Kumari , R. Vainio , E. K. J. Kilpua

White-light coronagraphic images of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) observed by SOHO/LASCO C2 have been used to estimate the density jump along the whole front of two CME-driven shocks. The two events are different in that the first one was a…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-10-23 Alessandro Bemporad , Salvatore Mancuso

We investigate the kinetic properties of a typical fast-mode shock inside an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) observed on 1998 August 6 at 1 AU, including particle distributions and wave analysis with the in situ measurements…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-05-30 Mingzhe Liu , Ying D. Liu , Zhongwei Yang , L. B. Wilson , Huidong Hu

We study the coronal mass ejection (CME) with a complex acceleration profile. The event occurred on April 23, 2009. It had an impulsive acceleration phase, an impulsive deceleration phase, and a second impulsive acceleration phase. During…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-12-19 A. A Reva , A. S. Kirichenko , A. S. Ulyanov , S. V. Kuzin

Recent observations have shown that coronal shocks driven by coronal mass ejections can develop and accelerate particles within several solar radii in large solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Motivated by this, we present an SEP…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-12-20 Xiangliang Kong , Fan Guo , Joe Giacalone , Hui Li , Yao Chen

The diffuse morphology and transient nature of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) make them difficult to identify and track using traditional image processing techniques. We apply multiscale methods to enhance the visibility of the faint CME…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2009-02-20 Jason P. Byrne , Peter T. Gallagher , R. T. James McAteer , C. Alex Young

We present a new method to extract the three-dimensional electron density profile and density compression ratio of shock fronts associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) observed in white light coronagraph images. We demonstrate the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-01-16 Ryun-Young Kwon , Angelos Vourlidas

Twisted coronal loops should be ubiquitous in the solar corona. Twisted magnetic fields contain excess magnetic energy, which can be released during magnetic reconnection, causing solar flares. The aim of this work is to investigate…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-01-27 Mykola Gordovskyy , Philippa Browning , Eduard Kontar , Nicolas Bian