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相关论文: Counterfactual Reasoning for Fair Clinical Risk Pr…

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Automated decision support systems that are able to infer second opinions from experts can potentially facilitate a more efficient allocation of resources; they can help decide when and from whom to seek a second opinion. In this paper, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-01 Nina L. Corvelo Benz , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez

The use of machine learning (ML) in high-stakes societal decisions has encouraged the consideration of fairness throughout the ML lifecycle. Although data integration is one of the primary steps to generate high quality training data, most…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-01 Sainyam Galhotra , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Prasanna Sattigeri , Kush R. Varshney

From the social sciences to machine learning, it has been well documented that metrics to be optimized are not always aligned with social welfare. In healthcare, Dranove et al. (2003) showed that publishing surgery mortality metrics…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-01 Serena Wang , Stephen Bates , P. M. Aronow , Michael I. Jordan

Counterfactual explanations are gaining prominence within technical, legal, and business circles as a way to explain the decisions of a machine learning model. These explanations share a trait with the long-established "principal reason"…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2019-12-12 Solon Barocas , Andrew D. Selbst , Manish Raghavan

People are rated and ranked, towards algorithmic decision making in an increasing number of applications, typically based on machine learning. Research on how to incorporate fairness into such tasks has prevalently pursued the paradigm of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-02-07 Preethi Lahoti , Krishna P. Gummadi , Gerhard Weikum

With the ongoing rise of machine learning, the need for methods for explaining decisions made by artificial intelligence systems is becoming a more and more important topic. Especially for image classification tasks, many state-of-the-art…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-10 Silvan Mertes , Tobias Huber , Katharina Weitz , Alexander Heimerl , Elisabeth André

As AI systems become more embedded in everyday life, the development of fair and unbiased models becomes more critical. Considering the social impact of AI systems is not merely a technical challenge but a moral imperative. As evidenced in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Aida Tayebi , Ali Khodabandeh Yalabadi , Mehdi Yazdani-Jahromi , Ozlem Ozmen Garibay

In this paper, I argue that counterfactual fairness does not constitute a necessary condition for an algorithm to be fair, and subsequently suggest how the constraint can be modified in order to remedy this shortcoming. To this end, I…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-17 Fabian Beigang

Randomized experiments have become a cornerstone of evidence-based decision-making in contexts ranging from online platforms to public health. However, in experimental settings with network interference, a unit's treatment can influence…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Sadegh Shirani , Yuwei Luo , William Overman , Ruoxuan Xiong , Mohsen Bayati

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems, particularly those based on deep learning models, have increasingly achieved expert-level performance in medical applications. However, there is growing concern that such AI systems may reflect and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-25 Xiuying Chen , Tairan Wang , Juexiao Zhou , Zirui Song , Xin Gao , Xiangliang Zhang

Measuring treatment effects in observational studies is challenging because of confounding bias. Confounding occurs when a variable affects both the treatment and the outcome. Traditional methods such as propensity score matching estimate…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-12-23 Bevan I. Smith , Charles Chimedza

We explore fairness from a statistical perspective by selectively utilizing either conditional distance covariance or distance covariance statistics as measures to assess the independence between predictions and sensitive attributes. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Ruifan Huang , Haixia Liu

Disaggregated evaluation across subgroups is critical for assessing the fairness of machine learning models, but its uncritical use can mislead practitioners. We show that equal performance across subgroups is an unreliable measure of…

With the advent of generative modeling techniques, synthetic data and its use has penetrated across various domains from unstructured data such as image, text to structured dataset modeling healthcare outcome, risk decisioning in financial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-11 Aman Gupta , Deepak Bhatt , Anubha Pandey

We address the problem of algorithmic fairness: ensuring that sensitive variables do not unfairly influence the outcome of a classifier. We present an approach based on empirical risk minimization, which incorporates a fairness constraint…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-02-03 Michele Donini , Luca Oneto , Shai Ben-David , John Shawe-Taylor , Massimiliano Pontil

Machine learning algorithms are increasingly used for consequential decision making regarding individuals based on their relevant features. Features that are relevant for accurate decisions may however lead to either explicit or implicit…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-09 Sajad Khodadadian , Mohamed Nafea , AmirEmad Ghassami , Negar Kiyavash

While recent years have witnessed the emergence of various explainable methods in machine learning, to what degree the explanations really represent the reasoning process behind the model prediction -- namely, the faithfulness of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-07 Yingqiang Ge , Shuchang Liu , Zelong Li , Shuyuan Xu , Shijie Geng , Yunqi Li , Juntao Tan , Fei Sun , Yongfeng Zhang

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is becoming increasingly essential for enhancing the transparency of machine learning (ML) models. Among the various XAI techniques, counterfactual explanations (CFs) hold a pivotal role due to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Fatima Ezzeddine , Obaida Ammar , Silvia Giordano , Omran Ayoub

Biases in automated clinical decision-making using Electronic Healthcare Records (EHR) impose significant disparities in patient care and treatment outcomes. Conventional approaches have primarily focused on bias mitigation strategies…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Resmi Ramachandranpillai , Kishore Sampath , Ayaazuddin Mohammad , Malihe Alikhani

When the performance of a machine learning model varies over groups defined by sensitive attributes (e.g., gender or ethnicity), the performance disparity can be expressed in terms of the probability distributions of the input and output…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-20 Hao Wang , Berk Ustun , Flavio P. Calmon