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As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for factual question-answering, it becomes more important for LLMs to have the capability to communicate the likelihood that their answer is correct. For these verbalized expressions of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Sophia Hager , David Mueller , Kevin Duh , Nicholas Andrews

Convolutional neural networks have been widely deployed in various application scenarios. In order to extend the applications' boundaries to some accuracy-crucial domains, researchers have been investigating approaches to boost accuracy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-21 Linfeng Zhang , Jiebo Song , Anni Gao , Jingwei Chen , Chenglong Bao , Kaisheng Ma

Uncertainty estimation for machine learning models is of high importance in many scenarios such as constructing the confidence intervals for model predictions and detection of out-of-distribution or adversarially generated points. In this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-06 Kirill Fedyanin , Evgenii Tsymbalov , Maxim Panov

Since deep learning became a key player in natural language processing (NLP), many deep learning models have been showing remarkable performances in a variety of NLP tasks, and in some cases, they are even outperforming humans. Such high…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-08-07 Sangchul Hahn , Heeyoul Choi

Quantifying uncertainty in Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential for mitigating hallucinations and enabling risk-aware deployment in safety-critical tasks. However, estimating Epistemic Uncertainty(EU) via Deep Ensembles is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Seonghyeon Park , Jewon Yeom , Jaewon Sok , Jeongjae Park , Heejun Kim , Taesup Kim

Uncertainty estimation bears the potential to make deep learning (DL) systems more reliable. Standard techniques for uncertainty estimation, however, come along with specific combinations of strengths and weaknesses, e.g., with respect to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-02 Joachim Sicking , Maram Akila , Jan David Schneider , Fabian Hüger , Peter Schlicht , Tim Wirtz , Stefan Wrobel

Accurately identifying student misconceptions is crucial for personalized education but faces three challenges: (1) data scarcity with long-tail distribution, where authentic student reasoning is difficult to synthesize; (2) fuzzy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Qirui Liu , Hao Chen , Weijie Shi , Jiajie Xu , Jia Zhu

Data-free knowledge distillation is a challenging model lightweight task for scenarios in which the original dataset is not available. Previous methods require a lot of extra computational costs to update one or more generators and their…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-02-24 Yuzheng Wang , Zuhao Ge , Zhaoyu Chen , Xian Liu , Chuangjia Ma , Yunquan Sun , Lizhe Qi

Distribution shift is an important concern in deep image classification, produced either by corruption of the source images, or a complete change, with the solution involving domain adaptation. While the primary goal is to improve accuracy…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-10-19 Tiago Salvador , Vikram Voleti , Alexander Iannantuono , Adam Oberman

Monocular depth estimation (MDE) methods are often either too computationally expensive or not accurate enough due to the trade-off between model complexity and inference performance. In this paper, we propose a lightweight network that can…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-04-18 Junjie Hu , Chenyou Fan , Hualie Jiang , Xiyue Guo , Yuan Gao , Xiangyong Lu , Tin Lun Lam

The core of knowledge distillation lies in transferring the teacher's rich 'dark knowledge'-subtle probabilistic patterns that reveal how classes are related and the distribution of uncertainties. While this idea is well established,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Jeonghyun Kim , SooKyung Kim , Richeng Xuan , Hyunsoo Cho

Ensemble knowledge distillation can extract knowledge from multiple teacher models and encode it into a single student model. Many existing methods learn and distill the student model on labeled data only. However, the teacher models are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-04 Chuhan Wu , Fangzhao Wu , Tao Qi , Yongfeng Huang

A popular approach to model compression is to train an inexpensive student model to mimic the class probabilities of a highly accurate but cumbersome teacher model. Surprisingly, this two-step knowledge distillation process often leads to…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-04-21 Tri Dao , Govinda M Kamath , Vasilis Syrgkanis , Lester Mackey

Knowledge distillation is a method of transferring the knowledge from a complex deep neural network (DNN) to a smaller and faster DNN, while preserving its accuracy. Recent variants of knowledge distillation include teaching assistant…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-11 Minghong Gao

Knowledge distillation is a technique used to train a small student network using the output generated by a large teacher network, and has many empirical advantages~\citep{Hinton2015DistillingTK}. While the standard one-shot approach to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Shivam Gupta , Sushrut Karmalkar

Rigorous statistical methods, including parameter estimation with accompanying uncertainties, underpin the validity of scientific discovery, especially in the natural sciences. With increasingly complex data models such as deep learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-18 Aurora Grefsrud , Nello Blaser , Trygve Buanes

Structured prediction models aim at solving a type of problem where the output is a complex structure, rather than a single variable. Performing knowledge distillation for such models is not trivial due to their exponentially large output…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-10 Wenye Lin , Yangming Li , Lemao Liu , Shuming Shi , Hai-tao Zheng

With the widespread success of deep neural networks in science and technology, it is becoming increasingly important to quantify the uncertainty of the predictions produced by deep learning. In this paper, we introduce a new method that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-08-15 Qingyang Wu , He Li , Lexin Li , Zhou Yu

Recent language models have shown remarkable performance on natural language understanding (NLU) tasks. However, they are often sub-optimal when faced with ambiguous samples that can be interpreted in multiple ways, over-confidently…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-17 Hancheol Park , Soyeong Jeong , Sukmin Cho , Jong C. Park

Deep learning networks have achieved state-of-the-art accuracies on computer vision workloads like image classification and object detection. The performant systems, however, typically involve big models with numerous parameters. Once…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-11-17 Asit Mishra , Debbie Marr