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Neural network quantization has become an important research area due to its great impact on deployment of large models on resource constrained devices. In order to train networks that can be effectively discretized without loss of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-10-05 Christos Louizos , Matthias Reisser , Tijmen Blankevoort , Efstratios Gavves , Max Welling

We present a theoretical and experimental investigation of the quantization problem for artificial neural networks. We provide a mathematical definition of quantized neural networks and analyze their approximation capabilities, showing in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-29 Matteo Spallanzani , Lukas Cavigelli , Gian Paolo Leonardi , Marko Bertogna , Luca Benini

The deployment of deep neural networks on resource-constrained devices necessitates effective model com- pression strategies that judiciously balance the reduction of model size with the preservation of performance. This study introduces a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-02 Mohammad Zbeeb , Mariam Salman , Mohammad Bazzi , Ammar Mohanna

We propose a new notion of `non-linearity' of a network layer with respect to an input batch that is based on its proximity to a linear system, which is reflected in the non-negative rank of the activation matrix. We measure this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-10-09 Edo Collins , Siavash Arjomand Bigdeli , Sabine Süsstrunk

In this paper, we propose to train a network with binary weights and low-bitwidth activations, designed especially for mobile devices with limited power consumption. Most previous works on quantizing CNNs uncritically assume the same…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-08-09 Bohan Zhuang , Chunhua Shen , Ian Reid

We introduce Attention Free Transformer (AFT), an efficient variant of Transformers that eliminates the need for dot product self attention. In an AFT layer, the key and value are first combined with a set of learned position biases, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-23 Shuangfei Zhai , Walter Talbott , Nitish Srivastava , Chen Huang , Hanlin Goh , Ruixiang Zhang , Josh Susskind

Quantization of weights and activations in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is a powerful technique for network compression, and has enjoyed significant attention and success. However, much of the inference-time benefit of quantization is…

性能 · 计算机科学 2019-12-13 Andrew Anderson , David Gregg

We propose LLM-FP4 for quantizing both weights and activations in large language models (LLMs) down to 4-bit floating-point values, in a post-training manner. Existing post-training quantization (PTQ) solutions are primarily integer-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-30 Shih-yang Liu , Zechun Liu , Xijie Huang , Pingcheng Dong , Kwang-Ting Cheng

In the complex domain of large language models (LLMs), striking a balance between computational efficiency and maintaining model quality is a formidable challenge. Navigating the inherent limitations of uniform quantization, particularly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-07-24 Xiaoxia Wu , Zhewei Yao , Yuxiong He

Deep neural network (DNN) quantization converting floating-point (FP) data in the network to integers (INT) is an effective way to shrink the model size for memory saving and simplify the operations for compute acceleration. Recently,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-01 Yukuan Yang , Shuang Wu , Lei Deng , Tianyi Yan , Yuan Xie , Guoqi Li

Fast approximations to matrix multiplication have the potential to dramatically reduce the cost of neural network inference. Recent work on approximate matrix multiplication proposed to replace costly multiplications with table-lookups by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-14 Calvin McCarter , Nicholas Dronen

The post-training quantization (PTQ) challenge of bringing quantized neural net accuracy close to original has drawn much attention driven by industry demand. Many of the methods emphasize optimization of a specific degree-of-freedom (DoF),…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-03-21 Alex Finkelstein , Ella Fuchs , Idan Tal , Mark Grobman , Niv Vosco , Eldad Meller

Post-training quantization is a representative technique for compressing neural networks, making them smaller and more efficient for deployment on edge devices. However, an inaccessible user dataset often makes it difficult to ensure the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-05 Donghyun Lee , Minkyoung Cho , Seungwon Lee , Joonho Song , Changkyu Choi

Quantization has become a mainstream compression technique for reducing model size, computational requirements, and energy consumption for modern deep neural networks (DNNs). With improved numerical support in recent hardware, including…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-02 Jordan Dotzel , Gang Wu , Andrew Li , Muhammad Umar , Yun Ni , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah , Zhiru Zhang , Liqun Cheng , Martin G. Dixon , Norman P. Jouppi , Quoc V. Le , Sheng Li

We consider the problem of deep neural net compression by quantization: given a large, reference net, we want to quantize its real-valued weights using a codebook with $K$ entries so that the training loss of the quantized net is minimal.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-07-17 Miguel Á. Carreira-Perpiñán , Yerlan Idelbayev

Quantization is widely employed in both cloud and edge systems to reduce the memory occupation, latency, and energy consumption of deep neural networks. In particular, mixed-precision quantization, i.e., the use of different bit-widths for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-26 Matteo Risso , Alessio Burrello , Luca Benini , Enrico Macii , Massimo Poncino , Daniele Jahier Pagliari

Multiplications are responsible for most of the computational cost involved in neural network training and inference. Recent research has thus looked for ways to reduce the cost associated with them. Inspired by Mogami (2020), we replace…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-26 Atli Kosson , Martin Jaggi

Recent advancements in machine learning achieved by Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been significant. While demonstrating high accuracy, DNNs are associated with a huge number of parameters and computations, which leads to high memory…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-20 Babak Rokh , Ali Azarpeyvand , Alireza Khanteymoori

Recurrent neural networks have shown excellent performance in many applications, however they require increased complexity in hardware or software based implementations. The hardware complexity can be much lowered by minimizing the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-09-28 Sungho Shin , Kyuyeon Hwang , Wonyong Sung

In the era of large language models (LLMs), weight-activation quantization helps fit models on edge device by reducing memory and compute bit-widths. However, three challenges persist for energy constrained hardware: (1) even after…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Chenyu Wang , Zhanglu Yan , Zhi Zhou , Xu Chen , Weng-Fai Wong