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To explain the predicted answers and evaluate the reasoning abilities of models, several studies have utilized underlying reasoning (UR) tasks in multi-hop question answering (QA) datasets. However, it remains an open question as to how…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-14 Xanh Ho , Anh-Khoa Duong Nguyen , Saku Sugawara , Akiko Aizawa

Knowledge in the real world is being updated constantly. However, it is costly to frequently update large language models (LLMs). Therefore, it is crucial for LLMs to understand the concept of temporal knowledge. However, prior works on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-15 Qingyu Tan , Hwee Tou Ng , Lidong Bing

Multimodal Multi-hop question answering requires integrating information from diverse sources, such as images and texts, to derive answers. Existing methods typically rely on sequential retrieval and reasoning, where each step builds on the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Yiheng Hu , Xiaoyang Wang , Qing Liu , Xiwei Xu , Qian Fu , Wenjie Zhang , Liming Zhu

Given unstructured text, Large Language Models (LLMs) are adept at answering simple (single-hop) questions. However, as the complexity of the questions increase, the performance of LLMs degrade. We believe this is due to the overhead…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Pranoy Panda , Ankush Agarwal , Chaitanya Devaguptapu , Manohar Kaul , Prathosh A P

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems have made significant progress in solving complex multi-hop question answering (QA) tasks in the English scenario. However, RAG systems inevitably face the application scenario of retrieving…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Yilin Wang , Yuchun Fan , Jiaoyang Li , Ziming Zhu , Yongyu Mu , Qiaozhi He , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

In the question answering(QA) task, multi-hop reasoning framework has been extensively studied in recent years to perform more efficient and interpretable answer reasoning on the Knowledge Graph(KG). However, multi-hop reasoning is…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-03-15 Yao Zhang , Peiyao Li , Hongru Liang , Adam Jatowt , Zhenglu Yang

Multi-hop QA (Question Answering) is the task of finding the answer to a question across multiple documents. In recent years, a number of Deep Learning-based approaches have been proposed to tackle this complex task, as well as a few…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-01-30 Yunjie He , Philip John Gorinski , Ieva Staliunaite , Pontus Stenetorp

To answer the question in machine comprehension (MC) task, the models need to establish the interaction between the question and the context. To tackle the problem that the single-pass model cannot reflect on and correct its answer, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2017-04-26 Yichen Gong , Samuel R. Bowman

Semantic parsing shines at analyzing complex natural language that involves composition and computation over multiple pieces of evidence. However, datasets for semantic parsing contain many factoid questions that can be answered from a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2017-07-17 Alon Talmor , Mor Geva , Jonathan Berant

The semantic parsing-based method is an important research branch for knowledge-based question answering. It usually generates executable programs lean upon the question and then conduct them to reason answers over a knowledge base. Benefit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-12 Yingyao Wang , Yongwei Zhou , Chaoqun Duan , Junwei Bao , Tiejun Zhao

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been extensively employed to mitigate hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). However, existing methods for multi-hop reasoning tasks often lack global planning, increasing the risk of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Yijie Zhu , Haojie Zhou , Wanting Hong , Tailin Liu , Ning Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated significant effectiveness in enhancing large language models (LLMs) for complex multi-hop question answering (QA). For multi-hop QA tasks, current iterative approaches predominantly rely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 Yuling Shi , Maolin Sun , Zijun Liu , Mo Yang , Yixiong Fang , Tianran Sun , Xiaodong Gu

Multi-hop question answering is widely used to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), as it requires integrating multiple pieces of supporting knowledge to arrive at a correct answer. While prior work has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Zhuoyi Yang , Yurun Song , Iftekhar Ahmed , Ian Harris

In this paper, we propose a comprehensive benchmark to investigate models' logical reasoning capabilities in complex real-life scenarios. Current explanation datasets often employ synthetic data with simple reasoning structures. Therefore,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-10-25 Yinya Huang , Hongming Zhang , Ruixin Hong , Xiaodan Liang , Changshui Zhang , Dong Yu

RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) systems and web agents are increasingly evaluated on multi-hop deep search tasks, yet current practice suffers from two major limitations. First, most benchmarks leak the reasoning path in the question…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-11 Maojia Song , Renhang Liu , Xinyu Wang , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou , Dorien Herremans , Soujanya Poria

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) augments large language models (LLM) by retrieving relevant knowledge, showing promising potential in mitigating LLM hallucinations and enhancing response quality, thereby facilitating the great adoption…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-30 Yixuan Tang , Yi Yang

Multi-hop Question Answering over Knowledge Graph~(KGQA) aims to find the answer entities that are multiple hops away from the topic entities mentioned in a natural language question on a large-scale Knowledge Graph (KG). To cope with the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-03-02 Jinhao Jiang , Kun Zhou , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Large language models (LLMs) still struggle with multi-hop reasoning over knowledge-graphs (KGs), and we identify a previously overlooked structural reason for this difficulty: Transformer attention heads naturally specialize in distinct…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Jinliang Liu , Jiale Bai , Shaoning Zeng

Multi-hop Question Answering (MHQA) adds layers of complexity to question answering, making it more challenging. When Language Models (LMs) are prompted with multiple search results, they are tasked not only with retrieving relevant…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Wenyu Huang , Pavlos Vougiouklis , Mirella Lapata , Jeff Z. Pan

Multimodal multihop question answering (MMQA) requires reasoning over images and text from multiple sources. Despite advances in visual question answering, this multihop setting remains underexplored due to a lack of quality datasets.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Amirhossein Abaskohi , Spandana Gella , Giuseppe Carenini , Issam H. Laradji