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We consider super-Earth sized planets which have a water mass fraction that is large enough to form an external mantle composed of high pressure water ice polymorphs and that lack a substantial H/He atmosphere. We consider such planets in…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-05-01 Amit Levi , Dimitar Sasselov , Morris Podolak

Many extrasolar (bound) terrestrial planets and free-floating (unbound) planets have been discovered. The existence of bound and unbound terrestrial planets with liquid water is an important question, and of particular importance is the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-16 S. Ueta , T. Sasaki

Massive steam and CO$_2$ atmospheres have been proposed for magma ocean outgassing of Earth and terrestrial planets. Yet formation of such atmospheres depends on volatile exchange with the molten interior, governed by volatile solubilities…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-05-03 Dan J. Bower , Kaustubh Hakim , Paolo A. Sossi , Patrick Sanan

We present a computational study into the adsorption properties of CO$_2$ on amorphous and crystalline water surfaces under astrophysically relevant conditions. Water and carbon dioxide are two of the most dominant species in the icy…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2017-09-13 L. J. Karssemeijer , G. A. de Wijs , H. M. Cuppen

Understanding the planetary envelope composition of sub-Neptune-type exoplanets is challenging due to the inherent degeneracy in their interior composition scenarios. Particularly, the planetary envelope's H2O/H2 ratio, which can also be…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-08-21 Jeehyun Yang , Renyu Hu

Many habitable zone exoplanets are expected to form with water mass fractions higher than that of the Earth. For rocky exoplanets with 10-1000x Earth's H2O but without H2, we model the multi-Gyr evolution of ocean temperature and chemistry,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-09-03 Edwin S. Kite , Eric B. Ford

Under both engineering and natural conditions on Earth and in the Universe, some gas hydrates are found to be stabilised outside their window of thermodynamic stability by the formation of an ice layer-a phenomenon termed self-preservation.…

Understanding the internal structures of planets with a large H$_2$O component is important for the characterisation of sub-Neptune planets. The finding that the mini-Neptune K2-18b could host a liquid water ocean beneath a mostly hydrogen…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-07-07 Matthew C. Nixon , Nikku Madhusudhan

Planet formation models suggest that the small exoplanets that migrate from beyond the snowline of the protoplanetary disk likely contain water-ice-rich cores ($\sim 50\%$ by mass), also known as the water worlds. While the observed radius…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-02-09 Aritra Chakrabarty , Gijs D. Mulders

Understanding the chemical interactions between water and Mg-silicates or iron is essential to constrain the interiors of water-rich planets. Hydration effects have, however, been mostly neglected by the astrophysics community so far. As…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-03-10 Oliver Shah , Yann Alibert , Ravit Helled , Klaus Mezger

Planet atmosphere and hydrosphere compositions are fundamentally set by accretion of volatiles, and therefore by the division of volatiles between gas and solids in planet-forming disks. For hyper-volatiles such as CO, this division is…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-09-25 Alexia Simon , Karin I. Oberg , Mahesh Rajappan , Pavlo Maksiutenko

It is widely believed that the carbonate-silicate cycle is the main agent to trigger deglaciations by CO$_2$ greenhouse warming on Earth and on Earth-like planets when they get in frozen state. Here we use a 3D Global Climate Model to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-08-23 Martin Turbet , Francois Forget , Jeremy Leconte , Benjamin Charnay , Gabriel Tobie

Cycling of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and interior of rocky planets can stabilize global climate and enable planetary surface temperatures above freezing over geologic time. However, variations in global carbon budget and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-10-25 R. J. Graham , Tim Lichtenberg , Ray Pierrehumbert

The ever-expanding catalog of detected super-Earths calls for theoretical studies of their properties in the case of a substantial water layer. This work considers such water planets with a range of masses and water mass fractions (2 to 5…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-18 Roger Fu , Richard J. OConnell , Dimitar D. Sasselov

Traditional definitions of the habitable zone assume that habitable planets contain a carbonate-silicate cycle that regulates CO2 between the atmosphere, surface, and the interior. Such theories have been used to cast doubt on the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-05-23 Ramses M. Ramirez , Amit Levi

Geophysical measurements can reveal the structure of icy ocean worlds and cycling of volatiles. The associated density, temperature, sound speed, and electrical conductivity of such worlds thus characterizes their habitability. To explore…

The habitable zone is the region around a star where standing bodies of liquid water can be stable on a planetary surface. Its width is often assumed to be dictated by the efficiency of the carbonate-silicate cycle, which has maintained…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-03-31 Irene Bonati , Ramses M. Ramirez

Super-Earths span a wide range of bulk densities, indicating a diversity in interior conditions beyond that seen in the solar system. In particular, an emerging population of low-density super-Earths may be explained by volatile-rich…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-06-21 Anjali A. A. Piette , Peter Gao , Kara Brugman , Anat Shahar , Tim Lichtenberg , Francesca Miozzi , Peter Driscoll

The discovery of thousands of exoplanets and the emergence of telescopes capable of exoplanet atmospheric characterization have intensified the search for habitable worlds. Due to selection biases, many exoplanets under study are planets…

Habitable planets are commonly imagined to be temperate planets like Earth, with areas of open ocean and warm land. In contrast, planets in snowball states, where oceans are entirely ice-covered, are believed to be inhospitable. However, we…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-07-25 Adiv Paradise , Kristen Menou , Diana Valencia , Christopher Lee
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