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Understanding how giant and terrestrial planets form and evolve, what is their internal structure and that of their atmosphere, represents one of the major challenges of modern astronomy, which is directly connected to the ultimate search…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-04-17 Gael Chauvin

Future instruments like NIRCam and MIRI on JWST or METIS at the ELT will be able to image exoplanets that are too faint for current direct imaging instruments. Evolutionary models predicting the planetary intrinsic luminosity as a function…

Although 25%-50% of white dwarfs (WDs) display evidence for remnant planetary systems, their orbital architectures and overall sizes remain unknown. Vibrant close-in (~1 Solar radius) circumstellar activity is detected at WDs spanning many…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Dimitri Veras , Boris T. Gaensicke

Over the last decade, precise exoplanet transmission spectroscopy has revealed the atmospheres of dozens of exoplanets, driven largely by observatories like the Hubble Space Telescope. One major discovery has been the ubiquity of…

We present a statistical study of the post-formation migration of giant planets in a range of initial disk conditions. For given initial conditions we model the evolution of giant planet orbits under the influence of disk, stellar, and mass…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 David E. Trilling , Jonathan I. Lunine , Willy Benz

Cool debris discs are a relic of the planetesimal formation process around their host star, analogous to the solar system's Edgeworth-Kuiper belt. As such, they can be used as a proxy to probe the origin and formation of planetary systems…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-22 Jonathan P. Marshall , F. Kirchschlager , S. Ertel , J. -C. Augereau , G. M. Kennedy , M. Booth , S. Wolf , B. Montesinos , C. Eiroa , B. Matthews

This review article delves into the study of low-mass exoplanets: super-Earths, mini-Neptunes and the new categories within and between that we are starting to discover. We provide an overview of current exoplanet observational…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-16 Diana Valencia , Amaya Moro-Martin , Johanna Teske

The exoplanet archive is an incredible resource of information on the properties of discovered extrasolar planets, but statistical analysis has been limited by the number of missing values. One of the most informative bulk properties is…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-10-14 Florian Lalande , Elizabeth Tasker , Kenji Doya

Theoretical formation models and exoplanet detection surveys indicate that systems with multiple giant planets are common. We investigate how multiple super-thermal mass planets embedded in a circumstellar disk shape the dust distribution…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-15 V. Roatti , G. Picogna , F. Marzari

Although nearly 6,000 exoplanets are currently known, in most cases our knowledge is limited to a handful of the planet's orbital characteristics and bulk properties such as radius and mass. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) can expand…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-12-09 Sarah C. Millholland , Joshua N. Winn

In this chapter of the Protostars and Planets VII, we review the breakthrough progress that has been made in the field of high-resolution, high-contrast optical and near-infrared imaging of planet-forming disks. These advancements include…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-03-21 M. Benisty , C. Dominik , K. Follette , A. Garufi , C. Ginski , J. Hashimoto , M. Keppler , W. Kley , J. Monnier

The characterisation of giant exoplanets is crucial to constrain giant planet formation and evolution theory and for putting the solar-system's giant planets in perspective. Typically, mass-radius (M-R) measurements of moderately irradiated…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-05-01 Simon Müller , Ravit Helled

Rocky exoplanet characterization has been a top priority for early James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) science operations. Several milestones have been achieved, including the most precise rocky planet transmission spectra measured to date,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-07-02 Laura Kreidberg , Kevin B. Stevenson

The varied surfaces and atmospheres of planets make them interesting places to live, explore, and study from afar. Unfortunately, the great distance to exoplanets makes it impossible to resolve their disk with current or near-term…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-02-01 Nicolas B. Cowan , Yuka Fujii

We develop an idealized dynamical model to predict the typical properties of outer extrasolar planetary systems, at radii beyond 5 AU. Our hypothesis is that dynamical evolution in outer planetary systems is controlled by a combination of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-18 Sean N. Raymond , Philip J. Armitage , Noel Gorelick

Observations of stellar surfaces - except for the Sun - are hampered by their tiny angular extent, while observed spectral lines are smeared by averaging over the stellar surface, and by stellar rotation. Exoplanet transits can be used to…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-12-07 Dainis Dravins , Hans-Günter Ludwig , Erik Dahlén , Hiva Pazira

New images of young stars are revolutionizing our understanding of planet formation. ALMA detects large grains in planet-forming disks with few AU scale resolution and scattered light imaging with extreme adaptive optics systems reveal…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2019-07-24 John D. Monnier , 66 endorsers

Exoplanets, short for `extra solar planets', are planets outside our solar system. They are objects with masses less than around 15 Jupiter-masses that orbit stars other than the Sun. They are small enough so they can not burn deuterium in…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2016-11-04 Muhammad Salman Khan , James Stewart Jenkins , Nestor Becerra Yoma

Debris disks, which consist of dust, planetesimals, planets, and gas, offer a unique window into the mineralogical composition of their parent bodies, especially during the critical phase of terrestrial planet formation spanning 10 to a few…

A major outstanding question regarding the formation of planetary systems is whether wide-orbit giant planets form differently than close-in giant planets. We aim to establish constraints on two key parameters that are relevant for…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-07-29 Kevin Wagner , Dániel Apai , Kaitlin M. Kratter