相关论文: Reflections on the Energy of Black Holes
An exact energy expression for a physical black hole is derived by considering the escape of a photon from the black hole. The mass of the black hole within its horizon is found to be twice its mass as observed at infinity. This result is…
A new paradigm for black holes is introduced. It is known as the External Energy Paradigm. The paradigm asserts that all energies of a black hole are external quantities; they are absent inside the horizon. These energies include…
The information loss paradox is often discussed from the perspective of the observers who stay outside of a black hole. However, the interior spacetime of a black hole can be rather nontrivial. We discuss the open problems regarding the…
We investigate the energy distribution of a black hole in various spacetimes as reckoned by a distant observer using the quasi-local energy approach. In each case the horizon mass of a black hole: neutral, charged or rotating, is found to…
We first review the various definition of the total energy in the gravitational system. The naive definition has some defects, and we review how to modify the definition of the total energy. Then we explicitly demonstrate how to calculate…
The problem of the existence of particles with negative energies inside and outside of Schwarzschild, charged and rotating black holes is investigated. Different definitions of the energy of the particle inside the Schwarzschild black hole…
We study properties of particles with zero or negative energy and a nonzero orbital angular momentum in the ergosphere of a rotating black hole. We show that the sign of the particle energy is uniquely determined by the angular velocity of…
Energy of a black hole is usually quantized by invoking some area quantization scheme after expressing the energy in terms of the horizon area. However, in this approach one has to quantize the local and asymptotic energy of the black hole…
In this paper, we review the issue of defining energy for test particles on a background stationary spacetime. We revisit the different notions of energy as defined by different observers. As is well known, the existence of a time-like…
The new, rapidly developing field of theoretical research --- studies of dark energy interacting with black holes (and, in particular, accreting onto black holes) --- is reviewed. The term `dark energy' is meant to cover a wide range of…
Particles with negative energies are considered for three different cases: inside of horizon of Schwarzschild black hole, Milne's coordinates in flat Minkowski space-time (Milne's universe using nonsynchronous coordinates) and in…
Gravity warps space and time into a funnel and generates a black hole when a cosmic body undergoes a catastrophic collapse. What can one say about the interior of a black hole? The important point is that inside a black hole the space…
A new version of the geometry inside a black hole is proposed, on the grounds of an idea given by Doran et al. The spacetime is still time dependent and is a solution of Einstein's equations with a stress tensor corresponding to an…
We estimate the energy release of black hole formation to the intra-cluster medium of the Coma cluster and find that this is comparable to the present day energy content. Therefore an energetic and maybe hydrostatic influence is possible.…
A definition of a Newtonian black hole is possible which incorporates the mass-energy equivalence from special relativity. However, exploiting a double spherical shell model, it will be shown that the ensuing gravitational self-energy and…
Since a black hole does not emit light from its interior, nor does it have a surface on which light from nearby sources can be reflected, observational study of black hole physics requires observing the gravitational impact of the black…
The horizon (the surface) of a black hole is a null surface, defined by those hypothetical "outgoing" light rays that just hover under the influence of the strong gravity at the surface. Because the light rays are orthogonal to the spatial…
We discuss and compare different definitions of the entropy of a black hole. In particular we show that the thermodynamical entropy defined by the response of the free energy of a black hole to the change of temperature does not coincide…
In this letter I suggest possible redefinition of mass density, not depending on speed of the mass element, which leads to a more simple stress-energy for an object. I calculate energy of black hole.
Using canonical typicality method, we reconsider the study of dark energy effects on four dimensional black holes. Concretely, we investigate the associated influences on the spectrum of various black hole backgrounds including the charged…