相关论文: Emissivity of Ammonia Ice
We deduce the emissivity of radiation from a metallic surface as a function of angle and polarization. This effect has found application in the calibration of detectors for cosmic microwave background radiation.
Few laboratory studies have investigated the vapor pressures of the volatiles that may be present as ices in the outer solar system; even fewer studies have investigated these species at the temperatures and pressures suitable to the…
The total emissivity of the absorbing surfaces is a critical parameter in the calculation of the radiative thermal losses in solar thermal collectors. This is because the radiative heat losses have a significant economic impact on the final…
Thermal emission is a universal phenomenon of stochastic electromagnetic emission from an object composed of arbitrary materials at elevated temperatures. A defining feature of this emission is the monotonic and rapid growth of its…
A survey of the data on measured particle fluxes and the rate of ionization in the atmosphere is presented. Measurements as a function of altitude, time and cut-off rigidity are compared with simulations of particle production from cosmic…
Neutrino emissivities in a neutron star are computed for the neutrino bremsstrahlung process. In the first part the electro-weak nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung is calculated in free space in terms of a on-shell $T$-matrix using a…
Ice naturally forms in the disordered or ``amorphous'' state when accreted from vapor at temperatures and pressures found in the interstellar medium and in the frigid, low density outer regions of the Sun's protoplanetary disk. It is…
Ammonia is predicted to be one of the major components in the depths of the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune. Their dynamics, evolution, and interior structure are insufficiently understood and models rely imperatively on data for…
We study the impact of multi-layered clouds (low-level water and high-level ice clouds) on the thermal emission spectra of Earth-like planets orbiting different types of stars. Clouds have an important influence on such planetary emission…
Ammonia, if present in the ice shells of icy satellites, could lower the temperature for the onset of melting to 176 K and create a large temperature range where partial melt is thermally stable. The evolution of regions of ammonia-rich…
With a goal toward deriving the physical conditions in external galaxies, we present a study of the ammonia (NH$_3$) emission and absorption in a sample of star forming systems. Using the unique sensitivities to kinetic temperature afforded…
Microwave emissivity models of sea ice are poorly validated empirically. Typical validation studies involve using averaged or stereotyped profiles of ice parameters against averaged radiance measurements. Measurement sites are rarely…
The radiation chemistry and physics of solid N2O have been increasingly studied due to its potential presence on the surfaces of cold, outer Solar System bodies. However, to date, no study has investigated systematically the influence of…
Thermal emission is the radiation of electromagnetic waves from hot objects. The promise of thermal-emission engineering for applications in energy harvesting, radiative cooling, and thermal camouflage has recently led to renewed research…
The condition of radio emission is proposed, on the base of which the theory of themal radio emission for gaseous disk is developed. This theory explains the radio emission spectra of known types of extended radio sources, located beyond…
Many studies of anomalous microwave emission (AME) have computed an AME emissivity to compare the strength of the AME detected in different regions. Such a value is usually defined as the ratio between the intensity of the AME at 1 cm and…
The emission of the upper atmosphere of the Sun is closely related to magnetic field concentrations at the solar surface. It is well established that this relation between chromospheric emission and magnetic field is nonlinear. Here we…
Ordinary metallic photonic crystals (PCs) have photonic band gaps in which the density of states (DOS) is strongly modified. Thermal emission of photons can be suppressed and enhanced accordingly. We consider the thermal emission…
We discuss the properties of thermal electromagnetic radiation produced by a neutral polarizable nanoparticle moving with an arbitrary relativistic velocity in a heated vacuum background with a fixed temperature. We show that the particle…
Photovoltaic conversion is highly dependent on the converter's temperature. In the absence of atmosphere, it can be rigorously determined using a thermal balance leading to a compact expression. The derivation starts from a fully spectral,…