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With the increasing number of planets discovered by TESS, the atmospheric characterization of small exoplanets is accelerating. L98-59 is a M-dwarf hosting a multi-planet system, and so far, four small planets have been confirmed. The…

(abridged) We report the discovery of three new transiting planets: WASP-85 A b, WASP-116 b, and WASP-149 b. WASP-85 b orbits its host star every 2.66 days, and has a mass of 1.25 M_Jup and a radius of 1.25 R_Jup. The host star is of G5…

Although several thousands of exoplanets have now been detected and characterized, observational biases have led to a paucity of long-period, low-mass exoplanets with measured masses and a corresponding lag in our understanding of such…

We present precision radial velocity data that reveal a Super-Earth mass planet and two probable additional planets orbiting the bright nearby G0V star HD 1461. Our 12.8 years of Keck HIRES precision radial velocities indicate the presence…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-11-20 Eugenio J. Rivera , R. Paul Butler , Steven S. Vogt , Gregory Laughlin , Gregory W. Henry , Stefano Meschiari

We have measured transit times for HD 189733b passing in front of its bright (V = 7.67) chromospherically active and spotted parent star. Nearly continuous broadband optical photometry of this system was obtained with the MOST…

Measuring the albedo of an extrasolar planet provides insights into its atmospheric composition and its global thermal properties, including heat dissipation and weather patterns. Such a measurement requires very precise photometry of a…

Variations related to stellar activity and correlated noise can prevent the detections of low-amplitude signals in radial velocity data if not accounted for. This can be seen as the greatest obstacle in detecting Earth-like planets orbiting…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-05-09 Mikko Tuomi , Guillem Anglada-Escude , James S. Jenkins , Hugh R. A. Jones

A decade ago, the detection of the first transiting extrasolar planet provided a direct constraint on its composition and opened the door to spectroscopic investigations of extrasolar planetary atmospheres. As such characterization studies…

We report the discovery of a super-Earth orbiting the star GJ 536 based on the analysis of the radial-velocity time series from the HARPS and HARPS-N spectrographs. GJ 536 b is a planet with a minimum mass M sin $i$ of 5.36 +- 0.69 Me with…

Transmission spectroscopy allows us to detect molecules in planetary atmospheres, but is subject to contamination from inhomogeneities on the stellar surface. Quantifying the extent of this contamination is essential for accurate…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-27 Kingsley E. Ehrich , Jason A. Dittmann , Samuel P. Halverson , Alejandro Camazón-Pinilla

The most abundant stars in the Galaxy, M dwarfs, are very commonly hosts to diverse systems of low-mass planets. Their abundancy implies that the general occurrence rate of planets is dominated by their occurrence rate around such M dwarfs.…

We performed a radial velocity (RV) monitoring of the 40 Myr old star DS Tuc A with HARPS at the ESO-3.6m to determine the planetary mass of its 8.14-days planet, first revealed by TESS. We also observed two planetary transits with HARPS…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-09 S. Benatti , M. Damasso , F. Borsa , D. Locci , I. Pillitteri , S. Desidera , A. Maggio , G. Micela , S. Wolk , R. Claudi , L. Malavolta , D. Modirrousta-Galian

We report the discovery of HD 156668b, an extrasolar planet with a minimum mass of M_P sin i = 4.15 M_Earth. This planet was discovered through Keplerian modeling of precise radial velocities from Keck-HIRES and is the second super-Earth to…

Aims. We study the spot activity of II Peg during the years 2004-2010 to determine long- and short-term changes in the magnetic activity. In a previous study, we detected a persistent active longitude, as well as major changes in the spot…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-28 Thomas Hackman , Maarit J. Mantere , Marjaana Lindborg , Ilya Ilyin , Oleg Kochukhov , Nikolai Piskunov , Ilkka Tuominen

Spectrographs like HARPS can now reach a sub-m/s precision in radial-velocity (RV) (Pepe & Lovis 2008). At this level of accuracy, we start to be confronted with stellar noise produced by 3 different physical phenomena: oscillations,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-20 X. Dumusque , N. C. Santos , S. Udry , C. Lovis , X. Bonfils

We present radial velocity measurements of the star HD 28471, observed by HARPS at the ESO 3.6 m telescope over a baseline of $\sim19$ years. We have searched for planetary companions to HD 28471 using kima, a trans-dimensional diffusive…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-08-26 A. T. Stevenson , C. A. Haswell , J. R. Barnes , M. R. Standing , J. K. Barstow , Z. O. B. Ross , A. V. Freckelton , D. Staab