相关论文: The energy-momentum tensor of spin-1 hadrons: form…

Everything gravitates and they do so through the energy-momentum tensor (EMT). However, there is no consensus on how to define the EMT of a hadron, e.g. the proton, the fundamental building blocks of the visible world. In this work, we show…

The physics related to the form factors of the energy momentum tensor spans a wide spectrum of problems, and includes gravitational physics, hard exclusive reactions, hadronic decays of heavy quarkonia, and the physics of exotic hadrons…

We present the first complete parametrization for the matrix elements of the generic light-front gauge-invariant energy-momentum tensor, derive the expressions giving separately the spin and orbital angular momentum of quarks and gluons as…

Densities associated with the energy-momentum tensor are calculated for spin-one targets. These calculations are done in a light front formalism, which accounts for relativistic effects due to boosts and allows for arbitrary spatial…

We define the form factors of the quark and gluon symmetric energy-momentum tensor (EMT). The static EMT is related to the spatial distributions of energy, spin, pressure and shear forces. They are obtained in the form of a multipole…

We study the energy-momentum tensor of spin-$0$ and spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ hadrons in momentum space. We parametrize this object in terms of so-called gravitational transverse-momentum distributions, and we identify in the quark sector the…

To study the coupling system of space-time and Fermions, we need the explicit form of the energy-momentum tensor of spinors. The energy-momentum tensor is closely related to the tetrad frames which cannot be uniquely determined by the…

The internal structure of hadrons is characterized by form factors which correspond to matrix elements of currents. Among those, the stress-energy-momentum tensor is a universally conserved quantity providing the gravitational form factors,…

We show transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) for spin-1 hadrons including twist-3 and 4 functions by taking the decomposition of a quark correlation function in the Lorentz-invariant way with the conditions of…

In this paper the method of the relativistically-invariant effective tensor representation of Lagrangian decomposition and the amplitudes of the two-photon interaction with hadrons on photon energy is proposed. In the frames…

The gravitational form factors for a hadron, the form factors for the hadron matrix element of the QCD energy-momentum tensor, not only describe the coupling of the hadron with a graviton, but also serve as unique quantities for describing…

Different bases for the spin-1 density matrix are discussed to clarify the connection between its components and observables measured in heavy-ion collisions. The theoretical advantage of using the adjoint representation for spin matrices…

We provide for the first time a complete parametrization for the matrix elements of the generic asymmetric, non-local and gauge-invariant canonical energy-momentum tensor, generalizing therefore former works on the symmetric, local and…

The relativistic treatment of spin is a fundamental subject which has an old history. In various physical contexts it is necessary to separate the relativistic total angular momentum into an orbital and spin contribution. However, such…

We review some of the recent developments regarding mass, angular momentum and pressure forces inside hadrons. These properties are all encoded in the energy-momentum tensor of the system, which is described at the non-perturbative level in…

The energy-momentum tensor (EMT) for a spin-3/2 baryon is related to \emph{seven} mechanical quantities. In this work, we provide the general form of the gravitational form factors (GFFs) for a spin-3/2 baryon by using the multipole…

Spin-1 hadrons contain different aspects of spin physics from the ones of the spin-1/2 nucleon because of the existence of tensor-polarized structure functions. In the charged-lepton deep inelastic scattering from a spin-1 hadron or…

We calculate analytically the spin-orbital decomposition of the angular momentum using completely non-paraxial fields that have certain degree of linkage of electric and magnetic lines. The split of the angular momentum into spin-orbital…

The matrix elements of the electromagnetic current and the energy-momentum tensor for sharply localized states of spin-1 systems are considered. Their interpretation as local spatial densities of various characteristics of the considered…

The interpretation of the energy-momentum tensor form factor $D(t)$ of hadrons in terms of pressure and shear force distributions is discussed, concerns raised in the literature are reviewed, and ways to reconcile the concerns with the…