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Domain generation algorithms (DGAs) are commonly leveraged by malware to create lists of domain names which can be used for command and control (C&C) purposes. Approaches based on machine learning have recently been developed to…

Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) are frequently used to generate numerous domains for use by botnets. These domains are often utilized as rendezvous points for servers that malware has command and control over. There are many algorithms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-18 Isaac Corley , Jonathan Lwowski , Justin Hoffman

Malware applications typically use a command and control (C&C) server to manage bots to perform malicious activities. Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) are popular methods for generating pseudo-random domain names that can be used to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-03-13 Raaghavi Sivaguru , Jonathan Peck , Femi Olumofin , Anderson Nascimento , Martine De Cock

Many malware families utilize domain generation algorithms (DGAs) to establish command and control (C&C) connections. While there are many methods to pseudorandomly generate domains, we focus in this paper on detecting (and generating)…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-11-04 Hyrum S. Anderson , Jonathan Woodbridge , Bobby Filar

Nowadays, malware campaigns have reached a high level of sophistication, thanks to the use of cryptography and covert communication channels over traditional protocols and services. In this regard, a typical approach to evade botnet…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-01-25 Constantinos Patsakis , Fran Casino

Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) are used by adversaries to establish Command and Control (C\&C) server communications during cyber attacks. Blacklists of known/identified C\&C domains are often used as one of the defense mechanisms.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-01-05 Ibrahim Yilmaz , Ambareen Siraj , Denis Ulybyshev

DGA-based botnet, which uses Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to evade supervision, has become a part of the most destructive threats to network security. Over the past decades, a wealth of defense mechanisms focusing on domain features…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-09-22 Xin Fang , Xiaoqing Sun , Jiahai Yang , Xinran Liu

Modern botnets rely on domain-generation algorithms (DGAs) to build resilient command-and-control infrastructures. Recent works focus on recognizing automatically generated domains (AGDs) from DNS traffic, which potentially allows to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2013-11-25 Stefano Schiavoni , Federico Maggi , Lorenzo Cavallaro , Stefano Zanero

Domain generation algorithms (DGAs) are frequently employed by malware to generate domains used for connecting to command-and-control (C2) servers. Recent work in DGA detection leveraged deep learning architectures like convolutional neural…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-01-29 Joewie J. Koh , Barton Rhodes

In this work, we conduct a comprehensive study on the robustness of domain generation algorithm (DGA) classifiers. We implement 32 white-box attacks, 19 of which are very effective and induce a false-negative rate (FNR) of $\approx$ 100\%…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-10 Arthur Drichel , Marc Meyer , Ulrike Meyer

Modern malware typically makes use of a domain generation algorithm (DGA) to avoid command and control domains or IPs being seized or sinkholed. This means that an infected system may attempt to access many domains in an attempt to contact…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-06-24 Ryan R. Curtin , Andrew B. Gardner , Slawomir Grzonkowski , Alexey Kleymenov , Alejandro Mosquera

Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) evolve continuously to evade botnet detection, posing a persistent challenge for dependable network defense. While deep learning-based detectors achieve strong performance under static conditions, they…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Chaeyoung Lee , Chaeri Jung , Seonghoon Jeong

Domain generation algorithm (DGA) is used by botnets to build a stealthy command and control (C&C) communication channel between the C&C server and the bots. A DGA can periodically produce a large number of pseudo-random algorithmically…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-08-09 Zheng Wang

Domain generation algorithms (DGAs) can be categorized into three types: zero-knowledge, partial-knowledge, and full-knowledge. While prior research merely focused on zero-knowledge and full-knowledge types, we characterize their…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-12-09 Lihai Nie , Xiaoyang Shan , Laiping Zhao , Keqiu Li

Domain generation algorithms (DGAs) prevent the connection between a botnet and its master from being blocked by generating a large number of domain names. Promising single-data-source approaches have been proposed for separating benign…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-09-27 Arthur Drichel , Benedikt Holmes , Justus von Brandt , Ulrike Meyer

Various families of malware use domain generation algorithms (DGAs) to generate a large number of pseudo-random domain names to connect to a command and control (C&C) server. In order to block DGA C&C traffic, security organizations must…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-11-04 Jonathan Woodbridge , Hyrum S. Anderson , Anjum Ahuja , Daniel Grant

Modern malware families often rely on domain-generation algorithms (DGAs) to determine rendezvous points to their command-and-control server. Traditional defence strategies (such as blacklisting domains or IP addresses) are inadequate…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-09-22 Pierre Lison , Vasileios Mavroeidis

Domain Generalization (DG) techniques have emerged as a popular approach to address the challenges of domain shift in Deep Learning (DL), with the goal of generalizing well to the target domain unseen during the training. In recent years,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-11-16 Aveen Dayal , Vimal K. B. , Linga Reddy Cenkeramaddi , C. Krishna Mohan , Abhinav Kumar , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

New malware emerges at a rapid pace and often incorporates Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to avoid blocking the malware's connection to the command and control (C2) server. Current state-of-the-art classifiers are able to separate…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-05-31 Arthur Drichel , Justus von Brandt , Ulrike Meyer

Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) are malicious techniques used by malware to dynamically generate seemingly random domain names for communication with Command & Control (C&C) servers. Due to the fast and simple generation of DGA domains,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-08 Md Abu Sayed , Asif Rahman , Christopher Kiekintveld , Sebastian Garcia
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