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We present an end-to-end, model-based deep reinforcement learning agent which dynamically attends to relevant parts of its state during planning. The agent uses a bottleneck mechanism over a set-based representation to force the number of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-11-05 Mingde Zhao , Zhen Liu , Sitao Luan , Shuyuan Zhang , Doina Precup , Yoshua Bengio

As Computer Vision moves from a passive analysis of pixels to active analysis of semantics, the breadth of information algorithms need to reason over has expanded significantly. One of the key challenges in this vein is the ability to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-03-31 Ehsan Abbasnejad , Iman Abbasnejad , Qi Wu , Javen Shi , Anton van den Hengel

While reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved notable success in various domains, training effective policies for complex tasks remains challenging. Agents often converge to local optima and fail to maximize long-term rewards. Existing…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Heng Tan , Hua Yan , Yu Yang

We consider the multi-agent reinforcement learning setting with imperfect information in which each agent is trying to maximize its own utility. The reward function depends on the hidden state (or goal) of both agents, so the agents must…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-03-28 Roberta Raileanu , Emily Denton , Arthur Szlam , Rob Fergus

Identifying uncertainty and taking mitigating actions is crucial for safe and trustworthy reinforcement learning agents, especially when deployed in high-risk environments. In this paper, risk sensitivity is promoted in a model-based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-10 Stefan Radic Webster , Peter Flach

Goals for reinforcement learning problems are typically defined through hand-specified rewards. To design such problems, developers of learning algorithms must inherently be aware of what the task goals are, yet we often require agents to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-03-29 Ashley D. Edwards , Laura Downs , James C. Davidson

Exploration is essential for reinforcement learning (RL). To face the challenges of exploration, we consider a reward-free RL framework that completely separates exploration from exploitation and brings new challenges for exploration…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-11 Chuheng Zhang , Yuanying Cai , Longbo Huang , Jian Li

Discovering an informative, or agent-centric, state representation that encodes only the relevant information while discarding the irrelevant is a key challenge towards scaling reinforcement learning algorithms and efficiently applying them…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-24 Lili Wu , Ben Evans , Riashat Islam , Raihan Seraj , Yonathan Efroni , Alex Lamb

Reinforcement learning agents that operate in diverse and complex environments can benefit from the structured decomposition of their behavior. Often, this is addressed in the context of hierarchical reinforcement learning, where the aim is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-26 Anirudh Goyal , Shagun Sodhani , Jonathan Binas , Xue Bin Peng , Sergey Levine , Yoshua Bengio

We are witnessing significant progress on perception models, specifically those trained on large-scale internet images. However, efficiently generalizing these perception models to unseen embodied tasks is insufficiently studied, which will…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-03-21 Ya Jing , Tao Kong

In complex real-world tasks such as robotic manipulation and autonomous driving, collecting expert demonstrations is often more straightforward than specifying precise learning objectives and task descriptions. Learning from expert data can…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Daulet Baimukashev , Gokhan Alcan , Kevin Sebastian Luck , Ville Kyrki

Evidence-based decision-making entails collecting (costly) observations about an underlying phenomenon of interest, and subsequently committing to an (informed) decision on the basis of accumulated evidence. In this setting, active sensing…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-06-26 Daniel Jarrett , Mihaela van der Schaar

Power-seeking behavior is a key source of risk from advanced AI, but our theoretical understanding of this phenomenon is relatively limited. Building on existing theoretical results demonstrating power-seeking incentives for most reward…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-04-14 Victoria Krakovna , Janos Kramar

The objective of a reinforcement learning agent is to discover better actions through exploration. However, typical exploration techniques aim to maximize rewards, often incurring high costs in both exploration and learning processes. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Akane Tsuboya , Yu Kono , Tatsuji Takahashi

Reward machines are automaton-like structures that capture the memory required to accomplish a multi-stage task. When combined with reinforcement learning or optimal control methods, they can be used to synthesize robot policies to achieve…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Mohamad Louai Shehab , Antoine Aspeel , Necmiye Ozay

The promise of reinforcement learning is to solve complex sequential decision problems autonomously by specifying a high-level reward function only. However, reinforcement learning algorithms struggle when, as is often the case, simple and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-09-17 Adrien Ecoffet , Joost Huizinga , Joel Lehman , Kenneth O. Stanley , Jeff Clune

To survive in dynamic and uncertain environments, individuals must develop effective decision strategies that balance information gathering and decision commitment. Models of such strategies often prioritize either optimizing tangible…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-03-26 Nicholas W. Barendregt , Joshua I. Gold , Krešimir Josić , Zachary P. Kilpatrick

Effective exploration in reinforcement learning requires not only tracking where an agent has been, but also understanding how the agent perceives and represents the world. To learn powerful representations, an agent should actively explore…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Faisal Mohamed , Catherine Ji , Benjamin Eysenbach , Glen Berseth

Exploration in reinforcement learning is a challenging problem: in the worst case, the agent must search for high-reward states that could be hidden anywhere in the state space. Can we define a more tractable class of RL problems, where the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-20 Kevin Li , Abhishek Gupta , Ashwin Reddy , Vitchyr Pong , Aurick Zhou , Justin Yu , Sergey Levine

We consider a class of reinforcement-learning systems in which the agent follows a behavior policy to explore a discrete state-action space to find an optimal policy while adhering to some restriction on its behavior. Such restriction may…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-07 Peter C. Y. Chen