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Generative AI is accelerating software development, but may quietly shift where the most significant risks lie. As AI generates code faster than teams can understand it, two under appreciated forms of debt accumulate: cognitive debt, the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Margaret-Anne Storey

Quantum computing is a rapidly growing field attracting the interest of both researchers and software developers. Supported by its numerous open-source tools, developers can now build, test, or run their quantum algorithms. Although the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-06-02 Moses Openja , Mohammad Mehdi Morovati , Le An , Foutse Khomh , Mouna Abidi

Context. Technical debt (TD) items are constructs in a software system providing short-term benefits but hindering future changes. TD management (TDM) is frequently researched but rarely adopted in practice. Goal. This study aimed to…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-08-22 Marion Wiese , Kamila Serwa , Anastasia Besier , Ariane S. Marion-Jetten , Eva Bittner

Background: Software companies must balance fast value delivery with quality, a trade-off that can introduce technical debt and potentially waste developers' time. As software systems evolve, technical debt tends to increase. However,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Bhuwan Paudel , Javier Gonzalez-Huerta , Ehsan Zabardast , Eriks Klotins

AI coding assistants are now widely used in software development. Software developers increasingly integrate AI-generated code into their codebases to improve productivity. Prior studies have shown that AI-generated code may contain code…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Yue Liu , Ratnadira Widyasari , Yanjie Zhao , Ivana Clairine Irsan , Junkai Chen , David Lo

Software engineering is a human activity. Despite this, human aspects are under-represented in technical debt research, perhaps because they are challenging to evaluate. This study's objective was to investigate the relationship between…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-05-04 Jesper Olsson , Erik Risfelt , Terese Besker , Antonio Martini , Richard Torkar

In the software development industry, technical debt is regarded as a critical issue in term of the negative consequences such as increased software development cost, low product quality, decreased maintainability, and slowed progress to…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-06-17 Simon Hacks , Hendrik Höfert , Johannes Salentin , Yoon Chow Yeong , Horst Lichter

The technical debt (TD) metaphor describes actions made during various stages of software development that lead to a more costly future regarding system maintenance and evolution. According to recent studies, on average 25% of development…

Research software (also called scientific software) is essential for advancing scientific endeavours. Research software encapsulates complex algorithms and domain-specific knowledge and is a fundamental component of all science. A pervasive…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Neil A. Ernst , Ahmed Musa Awon , Swapnil Hingmire , Ze Shi Li

Existing software tools enable characterizing and measuring the amount of technical debt at selective granularity levels. In this paper we aim to study the evolution and characteristics of technical debt in open-source software. We carry…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2020-07-28 Arthur-Jozsef Molnar , Simona Motogna

Background: Technical debt (TD) has been widely discussed in software engineering research, and there is an emerging literature linking it to developer characteristics. However, developer personality has not yet been studied in this…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-06-28 Lorenz Graf-Vlachy , Stefan Wagner

Static Analysis Tools (SATs) are central to security engineering activities, as they enable early identification of code weaknesses without requiring execution. However, their effectiveness is often limited by high false-positive rates and…

Managing technical debt (TD) is critical to ensure the sustainability of long-term software projects. However, the time and cost involved in technical debt management (TDM) often discourage practitioners from performing this activity…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 João Paulo Biazotto , Daniel Feitosa , Paris Avgeriou , Elisa Yumi Nakagawa

Background: With the rising popularity of Artificial Intelligence (AI), there is a growing need to build large and complex AI-based systems in a cost-effective and manageable way. Like with traditional software, Technical Debt (TD) will…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-08-24 Justus Bogner , Roberto Verdecchia , Ilias Gerostathopoulos

Software documentation often struggles to catch up with the pace of software evolution. The lack of correct, complete, and up-to-date documentation results in an increasing number of documentation defects which could introduce delays in…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Lakmal Silva , Michael Unterkalmsteiner , Krzysztof Wnuk

The long lifetime and the evolving nature of industrial products make them subject to technical debt at different levels. Despite multiple years of research on technical debt management, our industrial experience shows that introducing…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-04-19 Somayeh Malakuti , Jens Heuschkel

Technical Debt (TD) refers to the long-term costs incurred when developers prioritize short-term delivery over quality-improving work. Architectural Technical Debt (ATD) arises when architectural decisions (e.g., technology choices,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Edi Sutoyo , Paris Avgeriou , Andrea Capiluppi

Agentic AI systems are increasingly being explored as production infrastructure: they reason over multiple steps, call tools, act through workflows, and adapt through memory and feedback. These systems create governance challenges that are…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Muhammad Zia Hydari , Raja Iqbal , Narayan Ramasubbu

Background: Software security is crucial to ensure that the users are protected from undesirable consequences such as malware attacks which can result in loss of data and, subsequently, financial loss. Technical Debt (TD) is a metaphor…

Smart contracts are self-enforcing agreements that are employed to exchange assets without the approval of trusted third parties. This feature has encouraged various sectors to make use of smart contracts when transacting. Experience shows…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-03-18 Sabreen Ahmadjee , Carlos Mera-Gómez , Rami Bahsoon