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We present a sequence of toy models for irradiated planet atmospheres, in which the effects of geometry and energy redistribution are modelled self-consistently. We use separate but coupled grey atmosphere models to treat the ingoing…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Brad Hansen

We report on the results of novel global high-resolution three-dimensional simulations of disk-planet interaction which incorporate simultaneously realistic radiation physics and the self-gravity of the gas, as well as allowing the planet…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-06-26 Laure Fouchet , Lucio Mayer

We present a method for calculating the radiative tranfer on a protoplanetary disk perturbed by a protoplanet. We apply this method to determine the effect on the temperature structure within the photosphere of a passive circumstellar disk…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Hannah Jang-Condell , Dimitar D. Sasselov

With a series of numerical simulations, we analyze the thermo-hydrodynamical evolution of circumstellar disks containing Jupiter-size protoplanets. In the framework of the two-dimensional approximation, we consider an energy equation that…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2016-06-20 Gennaro D'Angelo , Thomas Henning , Willy Kley

Observations of protoplanetary discs have revealed dust rings which are likely due to the presence of pressure bumps in the disc. Because these structures tend to trap drifting pebbles, it has been proposed that pressure bumps may play an…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-02-09 Arnaud Pierens , Sean N. Raymond

We explore the heating and differentiation of rocky planets that grow by rapid pebble accretion. Our terrestrial planets grow outside of the ice line and initially accrete 28\% water ice by mass. The accretion of water stops after the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-03-15 Anders Johansen , Thomas Ronnet , Martin Schiller , Zhengbin Deng , Martin Bizzarro

In this paper, the possibility that the moderately volatile element depletions observed in chondritic meteorites are the results of planetesimals accreting in a solar nebula that cooled from an initially hot state (temperatures > 1350 K out…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2015-06-24 Fred J. Ciesla

We study the effect an atmosphere has on pebble orbits and spin build-up on a planet's surface during pebble accretion in the extreme case of a static atmosphere. We numerically integrate the equations of motion of pebbles in a planar,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-10-04 M. J. Yzer , R. G. Visser , C. Dominik

One-dimensional (vertical) models of planetary atmospheres typically balance the net solar and internal energy fluxes against the net thermal radiative and convective heat fluxes to determine an equilibrium thermal structure. Thus,simple…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-04-17 Juan P. Tolento , Tyler D. Robinson

Observations of the population of cold Jupiter planets ($r>$1 AU) show that nearly all of these planets orbit their host star on eccentric orbits. For planets up to a few Jupiter masses, eccentric orbits are thought to be the outcome of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-11-04 Bertram Bitsch , Trifon Trifonov , Andre Izidoro

We perform global three-dimensional (3D) radiation-hydrodynamics calculations of the envelopes surrounding young planetary cores of 5, 10, and 15 Earth masses, located in a protoplanetary disk at 5 and 10 AU from a solar-mass star. We apply…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-11-07 Gennaro D'Angelo , Peter Bodenheimer

This paper presents the results of a set of radiative hydrodynamic (RHD) simulations of convection in the near-surface regions of a rapidly rotating star. The simulations use microphysics consistent with stellar models, and include the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-06-10 Frank Robinson , Joel Tanner , Sarbani Basu

The conditions in the protoplanetary disc are determinant for the various planet formation mechanisms. We present a framework which combines self-consistent disc structures with the calculations of the growth rates of planetary embryos via…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-23 Sofia Savvidou , Bertram Bitsch

The amount of nebular gas that a planet can bind is limited by its cooling rate, which is set by the opacity of its envelope. Accreting dust and pebbles contribute to the envelope opacity and, thus, influence the outcome of planet…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-09-15 M. G. Brouwers , C. W. Ormel , A. Bonsor , A. Vazan

We constructed hydrodynamical model atmospheres for mid M-type main-, as well as pre-main-sequence objects. Despite the complex chemistry encountered in such cool atmospheres a reasonably accurate representation of the radiative transfer is…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 H. -G. Ludwig

Using linear perturbation theory, we evaluate the time-dependent force exerted on an eccentric and inclined low-mass planet embedded in a gaseous protoplanetary disc with finite thermal diffusivity $\chi$. We assume the eccentricity and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-03-29 Sebastien Fromenteau , Frederic Masset

<Context> Pebbles drifting past a disk-embedded low-mass planet develop asymmetries in their distribution and exert a substantial gravitational torque on the planet, thus modifying its migration rate. <Aims> Our aim is to assess how the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-10-04 O. Chrenko , R. O. Chametla , F. S. Masset , C. Baruteau , M. Brož

We present a novel python-based 1D sub-Neptune evolution model that emphasizes the thermal evolution and potential solidification of the rock/iron core and the structure of the radiative atmosphere. This model explores planetary structure…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-06-25 Yao Tang , Jonathan J. Fortney , Francis Nimmo , Daniel Thorngren , Kazumasa Ohno , Ruth Murray-Clay

Although dust constitutes only about 1% of the mass of a protoplanetary disk, recent studies demonstrate that it can exert a significant torque on low- and intermediate-mass planetary cores. We compute and quantify for the first time the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-16 Octavio M. Guilera , Pablo Benitez-Llambay , Marcelo M. Miller Bertolami , Martin E. Pessah

The most widely-studied mechanism of mass loss from extrasolar planets is photoevaporation via XUV ionization, primarily in the context of highly irradiated planets. However, the EUV dissociation of hydrogen molecules can also theoretically…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-07-30 Alex R. Howe , Fred C. Adams , Michael R. Meyer