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Stars form in cold clouds of predominantly molecular (H2) gas. We are just beginning to understand how the formation, properties, and destruction of these clouds varies across the universe. In this chapter, we describe how the thermal line…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-17 Adam K. Leroy , Alberto Bolatto , Erik Rosolowsky , Eva Schinnerer

The Next-Generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) will be critical for understanding how galaxies are built and evolve at the earliest epochs. The sensitivity and frequency coverage will allow for the detection of cold gas and dust in `normal'…

Gas density is widely believed to play a governing role in star formation. However, the exact role of density in setting the star formation rate remains debated. We also lack a general theory that explains how the gas density distribution…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-17 Adam K. Leroy , Alberto Bolatto , Amanda Kepley , David Meier , Tony Wong

The Next-Generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) will revolutionize our understanding of the Early Universe by tracing the coldest phase of molecular gas -the raw ingredient for star formation- in the most distant galaxies and galaxy-clusters.…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-17 Bjorn Emonts , Chris Carilli , Desika Narayanan , Matthew Lehnert , Kristina Nyland

The next generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) will revolutionize our understanding of the distant Universe via the detection of cold molecular gas in the first galaxies. Its impact on studies of galaxy characterization via detailed gas…

Emission line observations of circumnuclear gas disks in the ALMA era have begun to resolve molecular gas tracer kinematics near supermassive black holes (BHs), enabling highly precise mass determination in the best cases. The ngVLA is…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-17 Benjamin D. Boizelle , Kristina Nyland , Timothy A. Davis

Radio continuum observations have proven to be a workhorse in our understanding of the star formation process (i.e., stellar birth and death) from galaxies both in the nearby universe and out to the highest redshifts. In this article we…

This white paper discusses how a "next-generation" Very Large Array (ngVLA) operating in the frequency range 1-116 GHz could be a groundbreaking tool to study the detailed astrophysics of the "matter cycle" in the Milky Way and other…

Galactic winds are ubiquitously observed in galaxies both locally and in the high-redshift Universe. While these winds span many orders of magnitude in both temperature and density, observations of nearby galaxies show that the cold…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-17 Justin Spilker , Kristina Nyland

The Next Generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) has excellent capabilities to unveil various dynamical and chemical processes in massive star formation at the unexplored innermost regions. Based on the recent observations of ALMA/VLA as well…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2021-03-17 Kei E. I. Tanaka , Yichen Zhang , Kazuhito Motogi

The ngVLA will create a Galaxy-wide, volume-limited sample of HII regions; solve some long standing problems in the physics of HII regions; and provide an extinction-free star formation tracer in nearby galaxies.

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-17 Dana S. Balser , L. D. Anderson , T. M. Bania , John M. Dickey , D. Anish Roshi , Trey V. Wenger , T. L. Wilson

Detailed mapping of the distributions and kinematics of gases in cometary comae at radio wavelengths can provide fundamental advances in our understanding of cometary activity and outgassing mechanisms. Furthermore, the measurement of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-23 M. A. Cordiner , C. Qi

In combination with observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background, a measurement of the Hubble Constant provides a direct test of the standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model and a powerful constraint on the equation of state of dark…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-17 James Braatz , Dominic Pesce , James Condon , Mark Reid

In this contribution we explore the new science that a Next Generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) would be able to perform on the topics of the youngest HII regions and (proto)stellar jets. Free-free continuum and radio recombination line…

Episodic accretion may be a common occurrence in the evolution of young pre-main sequence stars and has important implications for our understanding of star and planet formation. Many fundamental aspects of what drives the accretion…

We summarize the design, capabilities, and some of the priority science goals of a next generation Very Large Array (ngVLA). The ngVLA is an interferometric array with 10x larger effective collecting area and 10x higher spatial resolution…

The goal of this science case is to study physical conditions of the interstellar medium (ISM) in distant galaxies. In particular, its densest component is associated with the inner cores of clouds -- this is where star formation takes…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-18 R. Decarli , C. Carilli , C. Casey , B. Emonts , J. A. Hodge , K. Kohno , D. Narayanan , D. Riechers , M. T. Sargent , F. Walter

Over the past decade, Lyman-alpha and metal line absorption observations have established the ubiquity of a gas-rich circumgalactic medium (CGM) around star-forming galaxies at z~0.2 potentially tracing half of the missing baryonic mass…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2019-03-19 D. J. Pisano , A. Fox , D. French , J. C. Howk , N. Lehner , F. J. Lockman , K. Jones

The goal of this science case is to accurately pin down the molecular gas content of high redshift galaxies. By targeting the CO ground transition, we circumvent uncertainties related to CO excitation. The ngVLA can observe the CO(1-0) line…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-18 R. Decarli , C. Carilli , C. Casey , B. Emonts , J. A. Hodge , K. Kohno , D. Narayanan , D. Riechers , M. T. Sargent , F. Walter

Energetic feedback by active galactic nuclei (AGNs) plays an important evolutionary role in the regulation of star formation (SF) on galactic scales. However, the effects of this feedback as a function of redshift and galaxy properties such…

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