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Deep neural networks achieve stellar generalisation even when they have enough parameters to easily fit all their training data. We study this phenomenon by analysing the dynamics and the performance of over-parameterised two-layer neural…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-03-28 Sebastian Goldt , Madhu S. Advani , Andrew M. Saxe , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborová

How can local-search methods such as stochastic gradient descent (SGD) avoid bad local minima in training multi-layer neural networks? Why can they fit random labels even given non-convex and non-smooth architectures? Most existing theory…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-28 Zeyuan Allen-Zhu , Yuanzhi Li , Zhao Song

We consider the task of learning a parametric Continuous Time Markov Chain (CTMC) sequence model without examples of sequences, where the training data consists entirely of aggregate steady-state statistics. Making the problem harder, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-18 Jianfei Gao , Mohamed A. Zahran , Amit Sheoran , Sonia Fahmy , Bruno Ribeiro

We examine gradient descent on unregularized logistic regression problems, with homogeneous linear predictors on linearly separable datasets. We show the predictor converges to the direction of the max-margin (hard margin SVM) solution. The…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-10-29 Daniel Soudry , Elad Hoffer , Mor Shpigel Nacson , Suriya Gunasekar , Nathan Srebro

Representations are fundamental to artificial intelligence. The performance of a learning system depends on the type of representation used for representing the data. Typically, these representations are hand-engineered using domain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-04-28 Vivek Veeriah , Shangtong Zhang , Richard S. Sutton

We develop a framework for analyzing the training and learning rate dynamics on a variety of high- dimensional optimization problems trained using one-pass stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with data generated from multiple anisotropic…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-10-17 Elizabeth Collins-Woodfin , Inbar Seroussi

In Coevolving Latent Space Networks with Attractors (CLSNA) models, nodes in a latent space represent social actors, and edges indicate their dynamic interactions. Attractors are added at the latent level to capture the notion of attractive…

We showcase important features of the dynamics of the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) in the training of neural networks. We present empirical observations that commonly used large step sizes (i) lead the iterates to jump from one side of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-08 Maksym Andriushchenko , Aditya Varre , Loucas Pillaud-Vivien , Nicolas Flammarion

Learning probability distributions on the weights of neural networks (NNs) has recently proven beneficial in many applications. Bayesian methods, such as Stein variational gradient descent (SVGD), offer an elegant framework to reason about…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-04-03 Ruiyi Zhang , Chunyuan Li , Changyou Chen , Lawrence Carin

Several recent trends in machine learning theory and practice, from the design of state-of-the-art Gaussian Process to the convergence analysis of deep neural nets (DNNs) under stochastic gradient descent (SGD), have found it fruitful to…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2020-04-07 Greg Yang

Gradient normalization and soft clipping are two popular techniques for tackling instability issues and improving convergence of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with momentum. In this article, we study these types of methods through the…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-07-01 Måns Williamson , Tony Stillfjord

We present a thermodynamic interpretation of the stationary behavior of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) under fixed learning rates (LRs) in neural network training. We show that SGD implicitly minimizes a free energy function $F=U-TS$,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Ildus Sadrtdinov , Ivan Klimov , Ekaterina Lobacheva , Dmitry Vetrov

It is believed that Gradient Descent (GD) induces an implicit bias towards good generalization in training machine learning models. This paper provides a fine-grained analysis of the dynamics of GD for the matrix sensing problem, whose goal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-30 Jikai Jin , Zhiyuan Li , Kaifeng Lyu , Simon S. Du , Jason D. Lee

We introduce a novel paradigm for learning non-parametric drift and diffusion functions for stochastic differential equation (SDE). The proposed model learns to simulate path distributions that match observations with non-uniform time…

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has achieved great success in training deep neural network, where the gradient is computed through back-propagation. However, the back-propagated values of different layers vary dramatically. This…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-02-28 Huishuai Zhang , Wei Chen , Tie-Yan Liu

This paper proposes a thorough theoretical analysis of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with non-increasing step sizes. First, we show that the recursion defining SGD can be provably approximated by solutions of a time inhomogeneous…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2021-02-02 Xavier Fontaine , Valentin De Bortoli , Alain Durmus

Non-convex optimization problems are ubiquitous in machine learning, especially in Deep Learning. While such complex problems can often be successfully optimized in practice by using stochastic gradient descent (SGD), theoretical analysis…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-21 Harsh Vardhan , Sebastian U. Stich

In this study, we investigate the continuous time dynamics of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), focusing on systems with nonlinear activation functions. The objective of this work is to identify conditions under which RNNs exhibit perpetual…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Michele Casoni , Tommaso Guidi , Alessandro Betti , Stefano Melacci , Marco Gori

In this paper, we propose a novel accelerated stochastic gradient method with momentum, which momentum is the weighted average of previous gradients. The weights decays inverse proportionally with the iteration times. Stochastic gradient…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-02 Liang Liu , Xiaopeng Luo

We study the learning dynamics of a multi-pass, mini-batch Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) procedure for empirical risk minimization in high-dimensional multi-index models with isotropic random data. In an asymptotic regime where the…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-02-19 Zhou Fan , Leda Wang