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Modern autonomous systems are driving the critical need for next-generation adaptive materials and structures with embodied intelligence, i.e., the embodiment of memory, perception, learning, and decision-making within the mechanical…

Over the past decade, techniques enabling bidirectional modulation of neuronal activity with single cell precision have rapidly advanced in the form of two-photon optogenetic stimulation. Unlike conventional electrophysiological approaches…

The steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is one of the most widely used modalities in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) due to its many advantages. However, the existence of harmonics and the limited range of responsive frequencies…

In response to a sound stimulus, the inner ear emits sounds called otoacoustic emissions. While the exact mechanism for the production of otoacoustic emissions is not known, active motion of individual hair cells is thought to play a role.…

Spiral waves are self-repeating waves that can form in excitable media, propagating outward from their center in a spiral pattern. Spiral waves have been observed in different natural phenomena and have been linked to medical conditions…

In multi-condition EEG experiments, brain activity is recorded as subjects perform various tasks or are exposed to different stimuli. The recorded signals are commonly transformed into time-frequency representations, which often display…

Neurons in the nervous system are submitted to distinct sources of noise, such as ionic-channel and synaptic noise, which introduces variability in their responses to repeated presentations of identical stimuli. This motivates the use of…

Maintaining upright posture is a complex task governed by the integration of afferent sensorimotor and visual information with compensatory neuromuscular reactions. The objective of this work was to characterize the visual dependency and…

Reentrant waves propagating in a ring or annulus of excitable media model is the basic mechanism underlying a major class of irregular cardiac rhythms known as anatomical reentry. Such reentrant waves are terminated by rapid electrical…

For many natural and engineered systems, a central function or design goal is the synchronization of one or more rhythmic or oscillating processes to an external forcing signal, which may be periodic on a different time-scale from the…

In neural-decoding studies, recordings of participants' responses to stimuli are used to train models. In recent years, there has been an explosion of publications detailing applications of innovations from deep-learning research to…

Distributed networks of brain areas interact with one another in a time-varying fashion to enable complex cognitive and sensorimotor functions. Here we use novel network analysis algorithms to test the recruitment and integration of…

A core goal of functional neuroimaging is to study how the environment is processed in the brain. The mainstream paradigm involves concurrently measuring a broad spectrum of brain responses to a small set of environmental features…

Mental disorders (MD) are among the top most demanding challenges in world-wide health. According to the World Health Organization, the burden of MDs continues to grow with significant impact on health and major social and human rights. A…

EEG signals are records of nonlinear solitary waves in human brains. The waves have several types (e.g., a, b, g, q, d) in response to different levels of consciousness. They are classified into two groups: Group-1 consists of complex…

Although recent neurophysiological experiments suggest that synchronous neural activity is involved in some perceptual and cognitive processes, the functional role of such coherent neuronal behavior is not well understood. As a first step…

Experiments that study neural encoding of stimuli at the level of individual neurons typically choose a small set of features present in the world --- contrast and luminance for vision, pitch and intensity for sound --- and assemble a…

The behaviour of neurons under the influence of periodic external input has been modelled very successfully by circle maps. The aim of this note is to extend certain aspects of this analysis to a much more general class of forcing…

It has been classically conjectured that the brain assigns probabilistic models to sequences of stimuli. An important issue associated with this conjecture is the identification of the classes of models used by the brain to perform this…

It has been proposed that there is a wave excitation in animal brains, whose function is to represent three-dimensional space around the animal as a working spatial memory. After surveying the evidence supporting the hypothesis, I discuss…