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Purpose: This paper describes a new method to apply deep-learning algorithms for automatic segmentation of radiosensitive organs from 3D tomographic CT images before computing organ doses using a GPU-based Monte Carlo code. Methods: A deep…

Computed tomography (CT) scans are a major source of medical radiation exposure worldwide. In countries like China, the frequency of CT scans has grown rapidly, particularly in routine physical examinations where chest CT scans are…

Background: Spectral shaping is a computed tomography (CT) dose optimization technique that adjusts source voltage and filtration to reduce patient radiation exposure without compromising image quality. Traditionally, radiation dose has…

Cone beam CT (CBCT) has been widely used for patient setup in image guided radiation therapy (IGRT). Radiation dose from CBCT scans has become a clinical concern. The purposes of this study are 1) to commission a GPU-based Monte Carlo (MC)…

Purpose: To assess the effects of brain movements induced by heartbeat on dose distributions in synchrotron micro- and mini-beam radiaton therapy and to develop a model to help guide decisions and planning for future clinical trials.…

Purpose: Estimation of patient-specific organ doses is required for more comprehensive dose metrics, such as effective dose. Currently, available methods are performed retrospectively using the CT images themselves, which can only be done…

Blood accounts for 7-8% of total body weight, with an average adult containing 4.5 to 6 quarts. It delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells, removes waste products, supports immunity, and regulates body temperature. Comprising over 4,000…

This paper describes the development and validation of a Monte Carlo (MC) dose computing module dedicated to organ dose calculations of patients undergoing nuclear medicine (NM) internal radiation exposures involving 18F-FDG PET/CT…

Recently, X-ray imaging dose from computed tomography (CT) or cone beam CT (CBCT) scans has become a serious concern. Patient-specific imaging dose calculation has been proposed for the purpose of dose management. While Monte Carlo (MC)…

With X-ray radiation protection and dose management constantly gaining interest in interventional radiology, novel procedures often undergo prospective dose studies using anthropomorphic phantoms to determine expected dose values. Due to…

Recently, Yamashita et al. reported direct measurements of ionizing radiation doses to individual organs in postmortem (using OSL dosimetry) that were exposed in the most frequent clinical CT scan protocols, corresponding to the whole body,…

Objective: This study aims to develop and validate a novel framework, iPhantom, for automated creation of patient-specific phantoms or digital-twins (DT) using patient medical images. The framework is applied to assess radiation dose to…

Purpose: Accurate dose calculation is essential in radiotherapy for precise tumor irradiation while sparing healthy tissue. With the growing adoption of MRI-guided and real-time adaptive radiotherapy, fast and accurate dose calculation on…

Computed Tomography (CT) imaging, while essential for diagnostics, exposes patients to ionizing radiation. To accurately quantify radiation dosage, this study introduces MIDSX, a specialized open-source Monte Carlo (MC) photon transport…

Purpose: The presence of respiratory motion during radiation treatment leads to degradation of the expected dose distribution, both for target coverage and healthy-tissue sparing, particularly for techniques like pencil-beam scanning proton…

The purpose of this work is to develop viable procedures for verifying the applicability of personalized dosimetry in computed tomography (CT) using Monte Carlo-based simulations. Mobile equipment together with customized software was…

Dose volume histograms are a useful tool in state-of-the-art radiotherapy planning, and it is essential to be aware of their limitations. Dose distributions computed by treatment planning systems are affected by several sources of…

This study proposes Scout-Dose-TCM for direct, prospective estimation of organ-level doses under tube current modulation (TCM) and compares its performance to two established methods. We analyzed contrast-enhanced chest-abdomen-pelvis CT…

Monte Carlo simulation is the most accurate method for absorbed dose calculations in radiotherapy. Its efficiency still requires improvement for routine clinical applications, especially for online adaptive radiotherapy. In this paper, we…

Ion chamber dosimetry is being used to calibrate dose for cell irradiations designed to investigate photoactivated Auger electron therapy at the Louisiana State University CAMD synchrotron facility. This study performed a dosimetry…