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The proxy design pattern allows Ethereum smart contracts to be simultaneously immutable and upgradeable, in which an original contract is split into a proxy contract containing the data storage and a logic contract containing the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-09-23 Cheng-Kang Chen , Wen-Yi Chu , Muoi Tran , Laurent Vanbever , Hsu-Chun Hsiao

Ethereum smart contracts are programs that can be collectively executed by a network of mutually untrusted nodes. Smart contracts handle and transfer assets of values, offering strong incentives for malicious attacks. Intrusion attacks are…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2019-11-28 Xinming Wang , Jiahao He , Zhijian Xie , Gansen Zhao , Shing-Chi Cheung

The emerging blockchain technology supports decentralized computing paradigm shift and is a rapidly approaching phenomenon. While blockchain is thought primarily as the basis of Bitcoin, its application has grown far beyond cryptocurrencies…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-06-23 Reza M. Parizi , Ali Dehghantanha , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Amritraj Singh

In the growing field of blockchain technology, smart contracts exist as transformative digital agreements that execute transactions autonomously in decentralised networks. However, these contracts face challenges in the form of security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-12 Christopher De Baets , Basem Suleiman , Armin Chitizadeh , Imran Razzak

Smart contracts are susceptible to critical vulnerabilities. Hybrid dynamic analyses, such as concolic execution assisted fuzzing and foundation model assisted fuzzing, have emerged as highly effective testing techniques for smart contract…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Sally Junsong Wang , Jianan Yao , Kexin Pei , Hidedaki Takahashi , Junfeng Yang

Poorly designed smart contracts are particularly vulnerable, as they may allow attackers to exploit weaknesses and steal the virtual currency they manage. In this study, we train a model using unsupervised learning to identify…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Hong-Sheng Huang , Jen-Yi Ho , Hao-Wen Chen , Hung-Min Sun

Smart contracts deployed on blockchain platforms are vulnerable to various security vulnerabilities. However, only a small number of Ethereum contracts have released their source code, so vulnerability detection at the bytecode level is…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Jiuyang Bu , Wenkai Li , Zongwei Li , Zeng Zhang , Xiaoqi Li

With the rapid advancement of blockchain technology, smart contracts have enabled the implementation of increasingly complex functionalities. However, ensuring the security of smart contracts remains a persistent challenge across the stages…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Yuchen Ding , Hongli Peng , Xiaoqi Li

Smart contract is the building block of blockchain systems that enables automated peer-to-peer transactions and decentralized services. With the increasing popularity of smart contracts, blockchain systems, in particular Ethereum, have been…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-05-24 Huiwen Hu , Yuedong Xu

In recent years, security incidents stemming from centralization defects in smart contracts have led to substantial financial losses. A centralization defect refers to any error, flaw, or fault in a smart contract's design or development…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-11-18 Zewei Lin , Jiachi Chen , Jiajing Wu , Weizhe Zhang , Zibin Zheng

Many Ethereum smart contracts rely on block attributes such as block.timestamp or blockhash to generate random numbers for applications like lotteries and games. However, these values are predictable and miner-manipulable, creating the Bad…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Hadis Rezaei , Rahim Taheri , Francesco Palmieri

Smart contracts are immutable, verifiable, and autonomous pieces of code that can be deployed and ran on blockchain networks like Ethereum. Due to the immutability nature of blockchain, no change is possible on a deployed smart contract or…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2019-12-25 Erfan Andesta , Fathiyeh Faghih , Mahdi Fooladgar

The exploitation of smart-contract vulnerabilities can have catastrophic consequences such as the loss of millions of pounds worth of crypto assets. Formal verification can be a useful tool in identifying vulnerabilities and proving that…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2020-02-10 Pedro Antonino , A. W. Roscoe

Ethereum is a permissionless blockchain ecosystem that supports execution of smart contracts, the key enablers of decentralized finance (DeFi) and non-fungible tokens (NFT). However, the expressiveness of Ethereum smart contracts is a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-01-24 Nikolay Ivanov , Qiben Yan , Anurag Kompalli

Scam contracts on Ethereum have rapidly evolved alongside the rise of DeFi and NFT ecosystems, utilizing increasingly complex code obfuscation techniques to avoid early detection. This paper systematically investigates how obfuscation…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Zhang Sheng , Tan Kia Quang , Shen Wang , Shengchen Duan , Kai Li , Yue Duan

Reentrancy, a notorious vulnerability in smart contracts, has led to millions of dollars in financial loss. However, current smart contract vulnerability detection tools suffer from a high false positive rate in identifying contracts with…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-29 Shuo Yang , Jiachi Chen , Mingyuan Huang , Zibin Zheng , Yuan Huang

Smart contract access control mechanisms can introduce centralization into supposedly decentralized ecosystems. In our view, such centralization is an overlooked risk of smart contracts that underlies well-known smart contract security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-12 Metin Lamby , Valentin Zieglmeier , Christian Ziegler

Smart contracts are the cornerstone of decentralized applications and financial protocols, which extend the application of digital currency transactions. The applications and financial protocols introduce significant security challenges,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Hongli Peng , Xiaoqi Li , Wenkai Li

The Ethereum blockchain platform supports the execution of decentralised applications or smart contracts. These typically hold and transfer digital currency to other parties on the platform; however, they have been subject to numerous…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2019-04-16 Franklin Schrans , Daniel Hails , Alexander Harkness , Sophia Drossopoulou , Susan Eisenbach

This paper serves as a progress report on our research, specifically focusing on utilizing interval analysis, an existing static analysis method, for detecting vulnerabilities in smart contracts. We present a selection of motivating…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-09-26 Ştefan-Claudiu Susan , Andrei Arusoaie