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Revealing the true nature of the gas giant planets in our Solar System is challenging. The masses of Jupiter and Saturn are about 318 and 95 Earth masses, respectively. While they mostly consist of hydrogen and helium, the total mass and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-02-22 Ravit Helled , Naor Movshovitz , Nadine Nettelmann

Pressure is a key parameter in the physics and chemistry of planet formation and evolution. Previous studies have erroneously assumed that internal pressures monotonically increase with the mass of a body. Using smoothed particle…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-06-04 Simon J. Lock , Sarah T. Stewart

An exoplanet's structure and composition are first-order controls of the planet's habitability. We explore which aspects of bulk terrestrial planet composition and interior structure affect the chief observables of an exoplanet: its mass…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-03-16 Cayman T. Unterborn , Evan E. Dismukes , Wendy R. Panero

Recent discoveries of extrasolar planets at small orbital radii, or with significant eccentricities, indicate that interactions between massive planets and the disks of gas and dust from which they formed are vital for determining the final…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-31 Philip J. Armitage , Brad M. S. Hansen

Revealing the mechanisms shaping the architecture of planetary systems is crucial for our understanding of their formation and evolution. In this context, it has been recently proposed that stellar clustering might be the key in shaping the…

The connection between the atmospheric composition of giant planets and their origin remains elusive. In this study, we explore how convective mixing can link the primordial planetary state to its atmospheric composition. We simulate the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-08-29 Henrik Knierim , Ravit Helled

The orbital distributions of currently observed extrasolar giant planets allow marginally stable orbits for hypothetical, terrestrial planets. In this paper, we propose that many of these systems may not have additional planets on these…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-11 Soko Matsumura , Shigeru Ida , Makiko Nagasawa

The limited completeness of the Kepler sample for planets with orbital periods $\gtrsim$ 1 yr leaves open the possibility that exoplanetary systems may host undetected giant planets. Should such planets exist, their dynamical interactions…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-01-20 T. O. Hands , R. D. Alexander

The origin of close-in giant planets is a key open question in planet formation theory. The two leading models are (i) formation at the outer disk followed by migration and (ii) in situ formation. In this work we determine the atmospheric…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-10-07 Henrik Knierim , Sho Shibata , Ravit Helled

The formation of the solar system's giant planets predated the ultimate epoch of massive impacts that concluded the process of terrestrial planet formation. Following their formation, the giant planets' orbits evolved through an episode of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-23 Matthew S. Clement , Nathan A. Kaib , Sean N. Raymond , John E. Chambers

With the goal of confirming the metallicity ``excess'' observed in stars with planetary mass companions, we have conducted a high-precision spectroscopic study of a ``comparison'' sample of dwarfs included in the CORALIE extra-solar planet…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Nuno C. Santos , Garik Israelian , Michel Mayor

In the last few years, the so-called "Nice model" has got a significant importance in the study of the formation and evolution of the solar system. According to this model, the initial orbital configuration of the giant planets was much…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-28 O. M. Guilera , A. Fortier , A. Brunini , O. G. Benvenuto

We investigate the formation of multiple-planet systems in the presence of a hot Jupiter using extended N-body simulations that are performed simultaneously with semi-analytic calculations. Our primary aims are to describe the planet…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-19 Masahiro Ogihara , Hiroshi Kobayashi , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

Recent observational findings have suggested a positive correlation between the occurrence rates of inner super-Earths and outer giant planets. These results raise the question of whether this trend can be reproduced and explained by planet…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-12-08 M. Schlecker , C. Mordasini , A. Emsenhuber , H. Klahr , Th. Henning , R. Burn , Y. Alibert , W. Benz

In the nucleated instability picture of gas giant formation, the final stage is the rapid accretion of a massive gas envelope by a solid core, bringing about a tenfold or more increase in mass. This tends to trigger the scattering of any…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Edward W. Thommes

We conduct gas and dust hydrodynamical simulations of protoplanetary discs with one and two embedded planets to determine the impact that a second planet located further out in the disc has on the potential for subsequent planet formation…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-10-10 Matthew Pritchard , Farzana Meru , Sahl Rowther , David Armstrong , Kaleb Randall

Models of terrestrial planet formation in the presence of a migrating giant planet have challenged the notion that hot-Jupiter systems lack terrestrial planets. We briefly review this issue and suggest that hot-Jupiter systems should be…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-10-22 Martyn J. Fogg , Richard P. Nelson

It is generally accepted that the presence of a giant planet is strongly dependent on the stellar metallicity. A stellar mass dependence has also been investigated, but this dependence does not seem as strong as the metallicity dependence.…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-15 A. Mortier , N. C. Santos , S. Sousa , G. Israelian , M. Mayor , S. Udry

With n-body simulations, we model terrestrial circumbinary planet (CBP) formation with an initial surface density profile motivated by hydrodynamic circumbinary gas disc simulations. The binary plays an important role in shaping the initial…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-09-01 Anna C. Childs , Rebecca G. Martin

Terrestrial planet formation (TPF) is a difficult problem that has vexed researchers for decades. Numerical models are only partially successful at reproducing the orbital architecture of the inner planets, but have generally not considered…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-06-12 R. Brasser