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The fundamental challenge of drawing causal inference is that counterfactual outcomes are not fully observed for any unit. Furthermore, in observational studies, treatment assignment is likely to be confounded. Many statistical methods have…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2022-08-01 Harsh Parikh , Carlos Varjao , Louise Xu , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

Discovering causal relationships from observational data is a challenging task that relies on assumptions connecting statistical quantities to graphical or algebraic causal models. In this work, we focus on widely employed assumptions for…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-03-20 Jonas Wahl , Urmi Ninad , Jakob Runge

Causal discovery methods aim to determine the causal direction between variables using observational data. Functional causal discovery methods, such as those based on the Linear Non-Gaussian Acyclic Model (LiNGAM), rely on structural and…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-09-27 Shreya Prakash , Fan Xia , Elena Erosheva

In the fundamental statistics course, students are taught to remember the well-known saying: "Correlation is not Causation". Till now, statistics (i.e., correlation) have developed various successful frameworks, such as Transformer and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-11-22 Ning Xu , Yifei Gao , Hongshuo Tian , Yongdong Zhang , An-An Liu

Causal discovery, beyond the inference of a network as a collection of connected dots, offers a crucial functionality in scientific discovery using artificial intelligence. The questions that arise in multiple domains, such as physics,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-03 M. Ali Vosoughi , Axel Wismuller

While witnessing the exceptional success of machine learning (ML) technologies in many applications, users are starting to notice a critical shortcoming of ML: correlation is a poor substitute for causation. The conventional way to discover…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-26 Ahmet Kapkiç , Pratanu Mandal , Shu Wan , Paras Sheth , Abhinav Gorantla , Yoonhyuk Choi , Huan Liu , K. Selçuk Candan

Causal inference is a fundamental research topic for discovering the cause-effect relationships in many disciplines. However, not all algorithms are equally well-suited for a given dataset. For instance, some approaches may only be able to…

Graph or network representations are an important foundation for data mining and machine learning tasks in relational data. Many tools of network analysis, like centrality measures, information ranking, or cluster detection rest on the…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2022-02-10 Luka V. Petrovic , Ingo Scholtes

Inferring the causal direction between two variables from their observation data is one of the most fundamental and challenging topics in data science. A causal direction inference algorithm maps the observation data into a binary value…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-08 Yulai Zhang , Jiachen Wang , Gang Cen , Guiming Luo

Many real-world decision-making tasks require learning causal relationships between a set of variables. Traditional causal discovery methods, however, require that all variables are observed, which is often not feasible in practical…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-06-27 Raj Agrawal , Chandler Squires , Neha Prasad , Caroline Uhler

Estimating causal interactions in complex dynamical systems is an important problem encountered in many fields of current science. While a theoretical solution for detecting the causal interactions has been previously formulated in the…

数据分析、统计与概率 · 物理学 2020-01-20 Jakub Kořenek , Jaroslav Hlinka

Many natural phenomena are intrinsically causal. The discovery of the cause-effect relationships implicit in these processes can help us to understand and describe them more effectively, which boils down to causal discovery about the data…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2024-01-09 Jean Pierre Gomez

Causal discovery has been widely studied, yet many existing methods rely on strong assumptions or fall into two extremes: either depending on costly interventional signals or partial ground truth as strong priors, or adopting purely data…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Wenbo Xu , Yue He , Yunhai Wang , Xingxuan Zhang , Kun Kuang , Yueguo Chen , Peng Cui

Classical causal and statistical inference methods typically assume the observed data consists of independent realizations. However, in many applications this assumption is inappropriate due to a network of dependences between units in the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-07-02 Rohit Bhattacharya , Daniel Malinsky , Ilya Shpitser

We study the problem of selecting covariates for unbiased estimation of the total causal effect.Existing approaches typically rely on global causal structure learning over all variables, or on strong assumptions such as causal sufficiency -…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-05-22 Zeyu Liu , Zheng Li , Feng Xie , Yan Zeng , Hao Zhang , Kun Zhang

The discovery of causal relationships from purely observational data is a fundamental problem in science. The most elementary form of such a causal discovery problem is to decide whether X causes Y or, alternatively, Y causes X, given joint…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-05-03 Joris M. Mooij , Jonas Peters , Dominik Janzing , Jakob Zscheischler , Bernhard Schölkopf

Causal discovery aims to uncover cause-and-effect relationships encoded in causal graphs by leveraging observational, interventional data, or their combination. The majority of existing causal discovery methods are developed assuming…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Lai Wei , Murat Kocaoglu , Mahsa Ghasemi

Enhancing the performance of trajectory planners for lane - changing vehicles is one of the key challenges in autonomous driving within human - machine mixed traffic. Most existing studies have not incorporated human drivers' prior…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Cailin Lei , Haiyang Wu , Yuxiong Ji , Xiaoyu Cai , Yuchuan Du

Causal inference from observational data provides strong evidence for the best action in decision-making without performing expensive randomized trials. The effect of an action is usually not identifiable under unobserved confounding, even…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Md Musfiqur Rahman , Ziwei Jiang , Hilaf Hasson , Murat Kocaoglu

Constraint-based causal discovery from limited data is a notoriously difficult challenge due to the many borderline independence test decisions. Several approaches to improve the reliability of the predictions by exploiting redundancy in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-01-27 Sara Magliacane , Tom Claassen , Joris M. Mooij