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Decoy state method quantum key distribution (QKD) is one of the promising practical solutions to BB84 QKD with coherent light pulses. In the real world, however, statistical fluctuations with the finite code length cannot be negligible, and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-07-25 Jun Hasegawa , Masahito Hayashi , Tohya Hiroshima , Akihisa Tomita

A realistic Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol necessarily deals with finite resources, such as the number of signals exchanged by the two parties. We derive a bound on the secret key rate which is expressed as an optimization problem…

量子物理 · 物理学 2011-10-13 Silvestre Abruzzo , Hermann Kampermann , Markus Mertz , Dagmar Bruß

We present a method without decoy state to estimate faithfully and efficiently the yield and quantum bit error rate of single photon pulse for BB84 protocol. The numerical calculations show that key generation rate and maximal secure…

量子物理 · 物理学 2008-06-04 Shi-Hai Sun , Cheng-Zu Li

Security formulas of quantum key distribution (QKD) with imperfect resources are obtained for finite-length code when the decoy method is applied. This analysis is useful for guaranteeing the security of implemented QKD systems. Our…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Masahito Hayashi

Decoy-state methods [1-3] are essential to perform quantum key distribution (QKD) at large distances in the absence of single photon sources. However, the standard techniques apply only if laser pulses are used that are independent and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-03-19 Shlok Nahar , Twesh Upadhyaya , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum key distribution (QKD) theoretically offers unconditional security. Unfortunately, the gap between theory and practice threatens side-channel attacks on practical QKD systems. Many well-known QKD protocols use weak coherent laser…

We propose a simple quantum-key-distribution (QKD) scheme for practical single photon sources (SPSs), which works even with a moderate suppression of the second-order correlation $g^{(2)}$ of the source. The scheme utilizes a passive…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-05-14 Yoritoshi Adachi , Takashi Yamamoto , Masato Koashi , Nobuyuki Imoto

Among the various versions of the twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) protocol [M.Lucamarini, Z. Yuan, J. Dynes, and A. Shields, Nature (London) 557, 400 (2018)] that can overcome the rate-distance limit, the TF-QKD without phase…

Reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (RFI-MDI-QKD) is a novel protocol which eliminates all possible attacks on detector side and necessity of reference-frame alignment in source sides.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-05-20 Feng-Yu Lu , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan , Rong Wang , Hang Liu , Shuang Wang , Wei Chen , De-Yong He

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables the sharing of cryptographic keys secured by quantum mechanics. The BB84 protocol assumed single-photon sources, but practical systems rely on weak coherent pulses vulnerable to photon-number-splitting…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-06-03 Ibrahim Almosallam

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is immune to all the detection attacks; thus when it is combined with the decoy-state method, the final key is unconditionally secure, even if a practical weak coherent…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-06-19 Shi-Hai Sun , Ming Gao , Chun-Yan Li , Lin-Mei Liang

We study the decoy-state measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution using heralded single-photon sources. This has the advantage that the observed error rate in X basis is in higher order and not so large. We calculate the key…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-12-04 Qin Wang , Xiang-Bin Wang

In recent years, the gap between theory and practice in quantum key distribution (QKD) has been significantly narrowed, particularly for QKD systems with arbitrarily awed optical receivers. The status for QKD systems with imperfect light…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-10-06 Akihiro Mizutani , Marcos Curty , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Nobuyuki Imoto , Kiyoshi Tamaki

Twin-Field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) can beat the linear bound of repeaterless QKD systems. After the proposal of the original protocol, multiple papers have extended the protocol to prove its security. However, these works are…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-02-19 Wenyuan Wang , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Decoy states have recently been proposed as a useful method for substantially improving the performance of quantum key distribution. Here, we present a general theory of the decoy state protocol based on only two decoy states and one signal…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-11 X. Ma , B. Qi , Y. Zhao , H. -K. Lo

Due to its ability to tolerate high channel loss, decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) has been one of the main focuses within the QKD community. Notably, several experimental groups have demonstrated that it is secure and feasible…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-02-12 Charles Ci Wen Lim , Marcos Curty , Nino Walenta , Feihu Xu , Hugo Zbinden

The core of security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) is the estimation of a parameter that determines the amount of privacy amplification that the users need to apply in order to distill a secret key. To estimate this parameter…

Twin-Field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a major candidate to be the new benchmark for far-distance QKD implementations, since its secret key rate can overcome the repeaterless bound by means of a simple interferometric…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-11-15 Federico Grasselli , Alvaro Navarrete , Marcos Curty

We show how to calculate the secure final key rate in the four-intensity decoy-state MDI-QKD protocol with both source errors and statistical fluctuations with a certain failure probability. Our results rely only on the range of only a few…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-11-01 Cong Jiang , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang

There has been much interest in quantum key distribution. Experimentally, quantum key distribution over 150 km of commercial Telecom fibers has been successfully performed. The crucial issue in quantum key distribution is its security.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Hoi-Kwong Lo , Xiongfeng Ma , Kai Chen