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One of the main aims of the ESA Rosetta mission is to study the origin of the solar system by exploring comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko at close range. In this paper we discuss the origin and evolution of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in…

The WISPR imager on Parker Solar Probe provides a unique view the young solar wind, flying through solar wind structures at high speed. It is of interest to use WISPR image sequences to measure the velocity of both large features (such as…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-02-05 Samuel J. Van Kooten , Craig E. Deforest , Guillermo Stenborg , Kenny N. Kenny

Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations have revealed that most of the solar wind acceleration occurs very close to the Sun. This acceleration is partly due to the global electric potential originating from the mass disparity between…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-14 Maximilien Péters de Bonhome , Viviane Pierrard , Fabio Bacchini

We summarize the collective knowledge of physical and surface properties of comet nuclei, focusing on those that are obtained from remote observations. We now have measurements or constraints on effective radius for over 200 comets,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-04-20 Matthew M. Knight , Rosita Kokotanekova , Nalin H. Samarasinha

The coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko has been probed by the Rosetta spacecraft and shows a variety of different molecules. The ROSINA COmet Pressure Sensor and the Double Focusing Mass Spectrometer provide in-situ densities for many…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-02-11 Matthias Laeuter , Tobias Kramer , Martin Rubin , Kathrin Altwegg

Dust is an important constituent in cometary comae; its analysis is one of the major objectives of ESA's Rosetta mission to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (C-G). Several instruments aboard Rosetta are dedicated to studying various aspects…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2010-01-19 Jessica Agarwal , Michael Mueller , Eberhard Gruen

Our understanding of processes occurring in the heliosphere historically began with reduced dimensionality - one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) sketches and models, which aimed to illustrate views on large-scale structures in the…

Although the solar wind flows primarily outward from the Sun to interplanetary space, there are times when small-scale plasma inflows are observed. Inward-propagating density fluctuations in polar coronal holes were detected by the COR2…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-05-26 Steven R. Cranmer , Craig E. DeForest , Sarah E. Gibson

An influence of the non-gravitational effects on the motion of short-period comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is investigated. It was found that the normal component of the non-gravitational force exceeds the transverse one and a model of the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Malgorzata Krolikowska

We study the dynamics of large dust grains >1 micron with orbits outside of the heliosphere (beyond 250 AU). Motion of the Solar System through the interstellar medium (ISM) at a velocity of 26 km/s subjects these particles to gas and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-19 Mikhail Belyaev , Roman Rafikov

Before Rosetta, the space missions Giotto and Stardust shaped our view on cometary dust, supported by plentiful data from Earth based observations and interplanetary dust particles collected in the Earth's atmosphere. The Rosetta mission at…

We present a study of the current state of knowledge concerning spacecraft operations and potential hazards while operating near a comet nucleus. Starting from simple calculations comparing the cometary coma environment to benign conditions…

An investigation of the kinematics of a rotating relativistic plasma stream in the perpendicular rotator model of the pulsar magnetosphere is presented. It is assumed that the plasma (ejected from the pulsar) moves along the pulsar magnetic…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-30 O. V. Chedia , T. A. Kahniashvili , G. Z. Machabeli , I. S. Nanobashvili

The aim of this study is to simulate the interaction of the solar wind with the Hermean magnetosphere when the interplanetary magnetic field is weak, performing a parametric study for all the range of hydrodynamic values of the solar wind…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-08-15 J. Varela , F. Pantellini , M. Moncuquet

Recent in-situ observations from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission in the inner heliosphere near perihelia show evidence of ion beams, temperature anisotropies, and kinetic wave activity, which are likely associated with kinetic heating…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-03-09 Leon Ofman , Scott A Boardsen , Lan K Jian , Jaye L Verniero , Davin Larson

We present a first theoretical modeling of joint Parker Solar Probe (PSP) - Metis/Solar Orbiter (SolO) quadrature observations Telloni et al 2022c. The combined observations describe the evolution of a slow solar wind plasma parcel from the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-10-05 Laxman Adhikari , Gary P. Zank , Daniele Telloni , Lingling Zhao

Here we review some of the major findings of the mass spectrometer suite ROSINA on board of ESA's Rosetta spacecraft to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. For more than 2 years, ROSINA continuously measured the composition of the gases…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-09-15 Martin Rubin

The planet Mercury possesses a small but highly dynamic magnetosphere in which the role and dynamics of electrons are still largely unknown. We aim at modeling the global dynamics of solar wind electrons impinging on Mercury's…

Context. The Rosetta spacecraft made continuous measurements of the coma of comet 67P/ Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) for more than two years. The plasma in the coma appeared very dynamic, and many factors control its variability. Aims. We…