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The power and flexibility of software-defined networks lead to a programmable network infrastructure in which in-network computation can help accelerating the performance of applications. This can be achieved by offloading some…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2020-10-29 Hebatalla Eldakiky , David Hung-Chang Du , Eman Ramadan

Interactive intelligent computing applications are increasingly prevalent, creating a need for AI/ML platforms optimized to reduce per-event latency while maintaining high throughput and efficient resource management. Yet many intelligent…

We consider elastic resource provisioning in the cloud, focusing on in-memory key-value stores used as caches. Our goal is to dynamically scale resources to the traffic pattern minimizing the overall cost, which includes not only the…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2018-02-14 Damiano Carra , Giovanni Neglia , Pietro Michiardi

Large language models (LLMs) rely on Key-Value (KV) cache to reduce time-to-first-token (TTFT) latency, but existing disk-based KV cache systems using file-per-object layouts suffer from severe scalability bottlenecks due to file system…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Weiping Yu , Ye Jiarui , He Mengke , Junfeng Liu , Siqiang Luo

Modern large-scale services such as search engines, messaging platforms, and serverless functions, rely on key-value (KV) stores to maintain high performance at scale. When such services are deployed in constrained memory environments, they…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Konstantinos Kanellis , Badrish Chandramouli , Ted Hart , Shivaram Venkataraman

Data-intensive applications fueled the evolution of log structured merge (LSM) based key-value engines that employ the out-of-place paradigm to support high ingestion rates with low read/write interference. These benefits, however, come at…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2020-06-16 Subhadeep Sarkar , Tarikul Islam Papon , Dimitris Staratzis , Manos Athanassoulis

LLM decoding is bottlenecked for large batches and long contexts by loading the key-value (KV) cache from high-bandwidth memory, which inflates per-token latency, while the sequential nature of decoding limits parallelism. We analyze the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Ted Zadouri , Hubert Strauss , Tri Dao

Serving large language models (LLMs) is important for cloud providers, and caching intermediate results (KV\$) after processing each request substantially improves serving throughput and latency. However, there is limited understanding of…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Jiahao Wang , Jinbo Han , Xingda Wei , Sijie Shen , Dingyan Zhang , Chenguang Fang , Rong Chen , Wenyuan Yu , Haibo Chen

Memory caches are being aggressively used in today's data-parallel frameworks such as Spark, Tez and Storm. By caching input and intermediate data in memory, compute tasks can witness speedup by orders of magnitude. To maximize the chance…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2017-08-29 Yinghao Yu , Wei Wang , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Key-Value cache (\texttt{KV} \texttt{cache}) compression has emerged as a promising technique to optimize Large Language Model (LLM) serving. It primarily decreases the memory consumption of \texttt{KV} \texttt{cache} to reduce the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Wei Gao , Xinyu Zhou , Peng Sun , Tianwei Zhang , Yonggang Wen

Authenticated data storage on an untrusted platform is an important computing paradigm for cloud applications ranging from big-data outsourcing, to cryptocurrency and certificate transparency log. These modern applications increasingly…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-11-11 Yuzhe Tang , Ju Chen , Kai Li , Jianliang Xu , Qi Zhang

In-network caching promises to improve the performance of networked and edge applications as it shortens the paths data need to travel. This is by storing so-called hot items in the network switches on-route between clients who access the…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2022-03-10 Roy Friedman , Or Goaz , Dor Hovav

When key-value (KV) stores use SSDs for storing a large number of items, oftentimes they also require large in-memory data structures including indices and caches to be traversed to reduce IOs. This paper considers offloading most of such…

Efficient real-world deployments of large language models (LLMs) rely on Key-Value (KV) caching for processing and generating long outputs, reducing the need for repetitive computation. For large contexts, Key-Value caches can take up tens…

Processing large numbers of key/value lookups is an integral part of modern server databases and other "Big Data" applications. Prior work has shown that hash table based key/value lookups can benefit significantly from using a dedicated…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2021-05-17 Joshua Landgraf , Scott Lloyd , Maya Gokhale

Persistent key-value (KV) stores are critical infrastructure for data-intensive applications. Leveraging high-performance Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) to enhance KV stores has gained traction. However, previous work has primarily focused on…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Zhen Liu , Wenzhe Zhu , Yongkun Li , Yinlong Xu

Cloud key-value (KV) stores provide businesses with a cost-effective and adaptive alternative to traditional on-premise data management solutions. KV stores frequently consist of heterogeneous clusters, characterized by varying hardware…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Alireza Heidari , Amirhossein Ahmadi , Zefeng Zhi , Wei Zhang

The key-value (KV) cache is a primary memory bottleneck in Transformers. We propose Low-Rank Key-Value (LRKV) attention, which reduces KV cache memory by exploiting redundancy across attention heads, while being compute efficient. Each…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 James O'Neill , Robert Clancy , Mariia Matskevichus , Fergal Reid

Much research has shown that applications have variable runtime cache requirements. In the context of the increasingly popular Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (STT-RAM) cache, the retention time, which defines how long the cache can retain a cache…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2019-05-20 Kyle Kuan , Tosiron Adegbija

Large language models have revolutionized data processing in numerous domains, with their ability to handle extended context reasoning receiving notable recognition. To speed up inference, maintaining a key-value (KV) cache memory is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Zhen Yang , J. N. Han , Kan Wu , Ruobing Xie , An Wang , Xingwu Sun , Zhanhui Kang